The processing of difficult-to-work alloys by ECAP with an emphasis on magnesium alloys

Figueiredo, Roberto B.; Cetlin, Paulo Roberto; Langdon, Terence G.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2007.04.043

Cited by 180 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Furthermore, the and 110 for the upper and lower billets, respectively. 14) recorded maximum elongation in Fig. 6 is very high even by comparison with the many other reports of superplasticity in aluminum and other alloys processed by ECAP: a complete tabulation of these various results is given elsewhere.…”

Section: Examples Of Advanced Properties Achieved In Magnesium Alloysmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Achieving Microstructural Refinement in Magnesium Alloys through Severe Plastic Deformation

Figueiredo

Langdon

2009

Mater. Trans.

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Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is an excellent processing tool for achieving exceptional grain refinement, typically to the submicrometer level, in a range of pure metals and metallic alloys. Although processing by ECAP is relatively straight-forward when using soft metals, the processing becomes more difficult when using magnesium-based alloys and other similar difficult-to-work materials. This overview examines the procedures that must be adopted for the successful processing of these materials and then describes some of the advanced properties achieved after the successful processing of two magnesium alloys.

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Section: Examples Of Advanced Properties Achieved In Magnesium Alloysmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…14) Following conventional practice, the FEM simulations incorporated the following relationship to describe the material behavior:…”

Section: The Development Of Procedures For Successfully Processing Mamentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving Microstructural Refinement in Magnesium Alloys through Severe Plastic Deformation

Figueiredo

Langdon

2009

Mater. Trans.

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“…Finite element modelling of the ECAP configuration with ψ = 0° shows that, at angles close to Φ ≈ 90°, it is difficult to completely fill the die corner when pressing less ductile materials except under conditions where a back pressure is applied at the point of exit from the die [6]. These difficulties may be reduced in practice by increasing the channel angle and/or the strain rate sensitivity of the material [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Texture evolution by shear on two planes during ECAP of a high-strength aluminum alloy

et al. 2008

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The evolution of texture was examined during equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy having a strong initial texture. An analysis of the local texture using electron back-scatter diffraction demonstrates that shear occurs on two shear planes: the main shear plane (MSP) equivalent to the simple shear plane, and a secondary shear plane which is perpendicular to the MSP. Throughout most regions of the ECAP billet, the MSP is close to the intersection plane of the two channels but with a small (5˚) deviation. Only the {111}<110> and {001}<110> shear systems were activated and there was no experimental evidence for the existence of other shear systems. In a small region at the bottom edge of the billet that passed through the zone of intersection of the channels, the observed textures were fully consistent with the rolling textures of Copper and Goss.

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“…Furthermore, it was not possible to perform ECAP at a temperature lower than 623 K due to the lack of formability [24]. This is a standard problem in the processing of difficult-to-work alloys where ECAP processing is achieved most readily at lower temperatures by increasing the channel angle within the ECAP die [40]. Thus, it appears that the smallest average grain size produced by the ECAP method in the GW54 alloy is ~2.2 m and it is not generally feasible to achieve nano or ultra-fine grained (UFG) microstructures.…”

Section: Grain Refinement By Extrusion Ecap and Hptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural evolution and superplasticity in an Mg–Gd–Y–Zr alloy after processing by different SPD techniques

Alizadeh

Mahmudi

Pereira

et al. 2017

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloys have attracted much attention recently due to their ability to exhibit stable fine-grained microstructures and their potential superplastic behavior. However, the microstructure and superplasticity of these alloys processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD) methods remain less understood. In this work, the microstructure and superplastic behavior of an Mg-5Gd-4Y-0.4Zr (GW54) alloy were investigated after processing using extrusion and the SPD processes of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and high-pressure torsion (HPT).Microstructural characterization by transmission electron microscopy and electron backscattered diffraction showed that nano-sized grains of ~72 ± 5 nm were obtained after 8 HPT turns whereas the grain sizes were about ~4.6 ± 0.2 and ~2.2 ± 0.2 m after extrusion and 4 ECAP passes, respectively. Shear punch tests revealed that the optimum temperature for superplasticity is 623 K for the HPT samples and 723 K for the ECAP and extrusion samples, at which the strain rate sensitivity were measured as about 0.42 ± 0.05, 0.46 ± 0.05 and 0.50 ± 0.05 for the extrusion, ECAP and HPT samples, respectively, and the corresponding activation energies were about 117, 101 and110 ± 5 kJ/mol for these three processing conditions. These results suggest that grain boundary sliding controlled by grain boundary diffusion is the dominant mechanism of deformation at the optimum temperatures for superplastic flow.

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The processing of difficult-to-work alloys by ECAP with an emphasis on magnesium alloys

Cited by 180 publications

References 47 publications

Achieving Microstructural Refinement in Magnesium Alloys through Severe Plastic Deformation

Achieving Microstructural Refinement in Magnesium Alloys through Severe Plastic Deformation

Texture evolution by shear on two planes during ECAP of a high-strength aluminum alloy

Microstructural evolution and superplasticity in an Mg–Gd–Y–Zr alloy after processing by different SPD techniques

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