The Process of Ethical Decision-Making: Experts vs Novices

Valey, Thomas Van; Hartmann, David J.; Fuqua, Wayne; Evans, Andrew L.; Ing, Amy Day; Meyer, Amanda; Staros, Karolina; Walmsley, Chris

doi:10.1007/s10805-014-9223-1

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…One possibility is that novices are more likely to have had recent training relating to plagiarism (particularly in required RCR programs), which may have made them more cautious about any writing-related issues with any ethical concerns. On the other hand, research has shown that experienced researchers spend more time working through decision-making processes related to ethical matters than do novices (Van Valey et al, 2015), so perhaps, novices' more conservative answers were less thoroughly considered than the assessments of their senior colleagues. Or, perhaps, experts have learned from personal experience that recycling text in some situations is common and acceptable in their area of research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Text Recycling in STEM Research: An Exploratory Investigation of Expert and Novice Beliefs and Attitudes

Moskovitz

Hall

2020

Journal of Technical Writing and Communication

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When writing journal articles, science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) researchers produce a number of other genres such as grant proposals and conference posters, and their new articles routinely build directly on their own prior work. As a result, STEM authors often reuse material from their completed documents in producing new documents. While this practice, known as text recycling (or self-plagiarism), is a debated issue in publishing and research ethics, little is known about researchers’ beliefs about what constitutes appropriate practice. This article presents results of from an exploratory, survey-based study on beliefs and attitudes toward text recycling among STEM “experts” (faculty researchers) and “novices” (graduate students and post docs). While expert and novice researchers are fairly consistent in distinguishing between text recycling and plagiarism, there is considerable disagreement about appropriate text recycling practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Text Recycling in STEM Research: An Exploratory Investigation of Expert and Novice Beliefs and Attitudes

Moskovitz

Hall

2020

Journal of Technical Writing and Communication

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The Scientific Judgment-Making Process from a Virtue Ethics Perspective

Dillern

2021

J Acad Ethics

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Research Ethics Committee and Integrity Board Members’ Collaborative Decision Making in Cases in a Training Setting

Löfström,

Pitkänen,

Čekanauskaitė

et al. 2024

J Acad Ethics

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This research focuses on how research ethics committee and integrity board members discuss and decide on solutions to case scenarios that involve a dimension of research ethics or integrity in collaborative settings. The cases involved issues around authorship, conflict of interest, disregard of good scientific practice and ethics review, and research with vulnerable populations (children and neonates). The cases were set in a university, a hospital, or a research institute. In the research, we used a deductive qualitative approach with thematic analysis. Twenty-seven research ethics committee and research integrity board members from 16 European countries and one country outside Europe participated. Participants represented natural and life sciences, social sciences, and humanities. They worked on cases involving ethical/integrity issues in six different constellations. Results show that experts apply key elements of ethical decision making, namely identification of ethical issues, stakeholders, guidelines, solutions, and own positionality, in dealing collaboratively with ethics/ integrity problems, and the nature of the application depends on the complexity of the case. Understanding how individuals knowledgeable in research ethics and integrity, in this case, individuals serving on research ethics committees and integrity boards, approach ethical/ moral issues can help to identify strategies that may be useful in the development of research ethics and integrity training for junior researchers who may benefit from learning professional strategies.

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The Process of Ethical Decision-Making: Experts vs Novices

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Text Recycling in STEM Research: An Exploratory Investigation of Expert and Novice Beliefs and Attitudes

Text Recycling in STEM Research: An Exploratory Investigation of Expert and Novice Beliefs and Attitudes

The Scientific Judgment-Making Process from a Virtue Ethics Perspective

Research Ethics Committee and Integrity Board Members’ Collaborative Decision Making in Cases in a Training Setting

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