The prison careers of mentally disordered offenders

Porporino, Frank J.; Motiuk, Laurence L.

doi:10.1016/0160-2527(94)00025-5

Cited by 146 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although a handful of studies (21,(23)(24)(25)(26) have assessed recidivism among released inmates with mental illness, only one of these included an assessment of parole revocation (21). In a study of 72 Canadian parolees, Porporino and Motiuk (21) reported that compared with parolees without a major mental illness, parolees with such a condition were more likely to be reincarcerated for parole violations but less likely to be reincarcerated for committing a new criminal offense. It should be noted, however, that the study's small sample and narrow criteria for defining mental illness (that is, manic episode, schizophrenia, or schizophreniform disorder) limits its generalizability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…systems worldwide-exhibit substantial variability, several factors have consistently emerged as strong predictors of recidivism, including male gender (17,(20)(21)(22), single marital status (17,20), history of criminal offense (18), and substance use disorders (20,21). Psychiatric disorders have been found to be less consistent predictors of criminal recidivism.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Parole Revocation Among Prison Inmates With Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders

Baillargeon

Williams

Mellow

et al. 2009

Psychiatric Services

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Objective-This retrospective cohort study examined the association between co-occurring serious mental illness and substance use disorders and parole revocation among inmates from the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, the nation's largest state prison system. Methods-The study population included all 8,149 inmates who were released under parole supervision between September 1, 2006, and November 31, 2006. An electronic database was used to identify inmates whose parole was revoked within 12 months of their release. The independent risk of parole revocation attributable to psychiatric disorders, substance use disorders, and other covariates was assessed with logistic regression analysis.Results-Parolees with a dual diagnosis of a major psychiatric disorder (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or other psychotic disorder) and a substance use disorder had a substantially increased risk of having their parole revoked because of either a technical violation (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.4-2.4) or commission of a new criminal offense (OR=2.8, 95% CI=1.7-4.5) in the 12 months after their release. However, parolees with a diagnosis of either a major psychiatric disorder alone or a substance use disorder alone demonstrated no such increased risk.Conclusions-These findings highlight the need for future investigations of specific social, behavioral, and other factors that underlie higher rates of parole revocation among individuals with co-occurring serious mental illness and substance use disorders.Over the past four decades the widespread deinstitutionalization of persons with serious mental illness (1-3), the increase in drug-related arrests (4,5), and the reduction of community-based mental health care (1,2) have resulted in a substantial overrepresentation of persons with serious mental illness in the U.S. correctional system (1,2,6). Approximately 10% to 20% of U.S. prison inmates are estimated to have an axis I major mental disorder of thought or mood, such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia (7-12). Moreover, a majority of inmates with serious mental illness have a comorbid substance use disorder (7,(12)(13)(14)(15).A number of investigations have examined predictors of recidivism among released inmates (16)(17)(18)(19). Although results of these studies-conducted throughout a variety of criminal justice disclosures: The authors report no competing interests. NIH Public Access Methods Design and study sampleThis retrospective cohort study was designed to determine whether there was an association between co-occurring serious mental illness and substance use disorders and the odds of reincarceration among parolees during the 12 months after release from prison. A secondary objective was to determine whether the risk of reincarceration increased among parolees who had either, but not both, of these disorders. The study sample was composed of 8,149 inmates who were released on parole from the TDCJ between September 1, 200...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Parole Revocation Among Prison Inmates With Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders

Baillargeon

Williams

Mellow

et al. 2009

Psychiatric Services

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“…Furthermore, they are also less likely to be granted parole or early release, or when granted parole are more likely to have it revoked on the basis of a supervision violation, in comparison to those offenders with similar criminal histories but no mental health diagnosis (Porporino & Motiuk, 1995). Additionally, research suggests that factors such as a dual diagnosis of psychosis and substance abuse, or more specifically psychotic symptoms such persecutory delusions or command hallucinations, appear to be associated with an increased risk of violence (Swanson et al, 1997;O'Kane & Bentall, 2000).…”

Section: Mental Illness In the Correctional Systemmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mindfulness Meditation as an Adjunct Approach to Treatment Within the Correctional System

Dafoe

Stermac

2013

Journal of Offender Rehabilitation

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“…Although results of these studies—conducted throughout a variety of criminal justice systems worldwide—exhibit substantial variability, several factors have consistently emerged as strong predictors of recidivism, including male gender (17,20–22), single marital status (17,20), history of criminal offense (18), and substance use disorders (20,21). Psychiatric disorders have been found to be less consistent predictors of criminal recidivism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parole Revocation Among Prison Inmates With Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders

Baillargeon¹,

Williams²,

Mellow³

et al. 2009

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The prison careers of mentally disordered offenders

Cited by 146 publications

References 13 publications

Parole Revocation Among Prison Inmates With Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders

Parole Revocation Among Prison Inmates With Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders

Mindfulness Meditation as an Adjunct Approach to Treatment Within the Correctional System

Parole Revocation Among Prison Inmates With Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders

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