The principles of techniques for cleaning root canals

Abstract

Chemomechanical preparation of the root canal includes both mechanical instrumentation and antibacterial irrigation, and is principally directed toward the elimination of micro-organisms from the root canal system. A variety of instruments and techniques have been developed and described for this critical stage of root canal treatment. Since their introduction in 1988, nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments have become a mainstay in clinical endodontics because of their exceptional ability to shape root canals with potentially fewer procedural complications. Safe clinical usage of NiTi instruments requires an understanding of basic metallurgy of the alloy including fracture mechanisms and their correlation to canal anatomy. This paper reviews the biologic principles of preparing root canals with an emphasis on correct use of current rotary NiTi instrumentation techniques and systems. The role and properties of contemporary root canal irrigants is also discussed.Key words: Nickel-titanium alloy, root canal instrumentation, rotary preparation, irrigation, endodontics.Abbreviations and acronyms: EDTA = ethylenediamene tetraacetic acid; NaOC1 = sodium hypochlorite; NIET = non-instrumentation endodontic treatment; NiTi = nickel titanium; PAD = photo activated disinfection.

Awareness and attitude towards obturation techniques and materials used by students in dental colleges of tamil nadu

“…Awareness has to be created about how an ideal obturation should be. 85% of the students follow step back technique and Previous studies also show that the most commonly used technique of cleaning and shaping is step back technique (54%) followed by step down technique [14] and they prefer the use of rubber dam isolation for a higher success rate of the treatment [15]. Only about 15% of the students followed other techniques like c technique, balanced force technique.…”

“…Awareness has to be created about how an ideal obturation should be. 85% of the students follow step back technique and Previous studies also show that the most nique of cleaning and shaping is step (54%) followed by step down technique [14] and they prefer the use of rubber dam isolation for a higher Only about 15% of the students followed other techniques like crown down All of them answered that they use only gutta percha to fill the canals and were not aware of the other materials that are available for obturation. They were not aware of the disadvantages of silver points.…”

Properties of Mechanical Endodontic Instruments and the Quality of the Simulated Canal Preparation

“…Straightening of the canal that leads to shortening the working length may also be related to the lack of clinical experience [7] or too much pressure exerted on the instrument during preparation [6]. While examining the correlation between the instruments and the so-called canal transportation, the material the instruments are made of, their properties, cross-section [8], the presence of acute tip [6], the technique of the root canal preparation [8][9][10][11], and the canal anatomy (curvature angle and radius) should be considered.…”

Glide Path in Endodontics

“…Even though they effectively clean and shape, these rotary endodontic files are not really suited for the initial negotiation of the root canal. 8 Therefore, the use of small hand files prior to the use of rotary Ni-Ti instruments will confirm patency as well as maintain sufficient space, thereby, improving the safety of the rotary or reciprocating endodontic files. 1 The presence of intracanal calcifications or denticles poses severe problems during endodontic therapy, especially, in the aging population.…”

“…10 Instrumentation beyond these calcifications is an ardent task, which can effectively be accomplished with successful glide path management. 4 , 9 Failure to achieve patency beyond the calcifications leads to ledge formation, 8 which is one of the most important reasons for retreatment. 11 Effective glide path creation maintains the original canal curvature.…”