The principal toxin ofDelphinium brownii Rydb., and its mode of action

Vn, Aiyar; Mh, Benn; T, Hanna; Jacyno, John M.; Sh, Roth; Jl, Wilkens

doi:10.1007/bf01964013

Cited by 72 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…220 In chicken, MLA has been demonstrated to be selective for putative R7 nAChRs over muscle-type nAChRs (ca. 200-fold), synaptic ganglionic nAChRs (ca.…”

Section: Ligands For Major Endogenous Nachr Subtypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors as Targets for Drug Discovery

1997

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“…220 In chicken, MLA has been demonstrated to be selective for putative R7 nAChRs over muscle-type nAChRs (ca. 200-fold), synaptic ganglionic nAChRs (ca.…”

Section: Ligands For Major Endogenous Nachr Subtypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors as Targets for Drug Discovery

1997

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“…The MSAL-type are approximately 20 times more toxic than the MDL-type based upon the LD 50 of the individual compounds in a mouse model (Manners et al 1993(Manners et al , 1995Panter et al 2002). Acute larkspur poisoning has been attributed to the MSAL-type alkaloids (Aiyar et al 1979;Pfister et al 1999), and plants high in the MSAL type are thought to be the most toxic to cattle. The concentrations of these alkaloids have been used as a predictor of plant toxicity .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Biogeographical Distribution of Duncecap Larkspur (Delphinium occidentale) Chemotypes and Their Potential Toxicity

et al. 2009

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Larkspurs (Delphinium spp.) are poisonous plants found on rangelands in western North America. Larkspur's toxicity has been attributed to the norditerpenoid alkaloids, which are divided into two main structural groups: the highly toxic (N-methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine type (MSAL type) and the less toxic 7,8-methylenedioxylycoctonine type (MDL type). Plants high in the MSAL-type alkaloids are thought to be the most toxic to cattle, and the concentrations of these alkaloids have been used as a predictor of plant toxicity. Duncecap larkspur, Delphinium occidentale, occurs throughout much of the Intermountain West and Northwestern United States. Specimens from field collections and herbaria deposits were evaluated taxonomically and chemically. Two distinct alkaloid profiles were identified: one that contains the MSAL-type alkaloids and one that contains little, if any, MSAL-type alkaloids. Thus, plants with these two alkaloid profiles should differ in their toxic potential. Each profile was unique in its geographical distribution. These findings have important implications in grazing management decisions on D. occidentale-infested rangelands, and they demonstrate that botanical classification alone is not a good indicator to determine the toxic risk of D. occidentale.

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“…The primary result of larkspur toxicosis is neuromuscular paralysis from inhibition of normal function of the post-synaptic neuromuscular junction [47,48]. The toxicity of larkspurs is primarily due to the norditerpenoid alkaloids [7,22].…”

Section: Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Effects of Larkspur (Delphinium spp.) on Cattle

et al. 2015

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Abstract:There are numerous species of larkspur (Delphinium spp.) in North America. Larkspurs are a major cause of cattle losses on western ranges in the USA, especially on foothill and mountain rangelands. The toxicity of larkspur species is due to various norditerpenoid alkaloids. In this article, we review the current knowledge regarding larkspur ecology and distribution, analytical technologies to study and quantify the toxins in larkspur, the toxicology of the larkspur plants and their individual toxins, known genetic variations in larkspur susceptibility, and current management recommendations to mitigate losses from larkspur poisoning.

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The principal toxin ofDelphinium brownii Rydb., and its mode of action

Abstract: Examination of D. brownii, a stock-poison of Western Canada, revealed that the principal toxin was methyllycaconitine: a potent neuromuscular blocking agent which appears to act competitively at nicotinic receptors.

Cited by 72 publications

References 7 publications

Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors as Targets for Drug Discovery

Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors as Targets for Drug Discovery

The Biogeographical Distribution of Duncecap Larkspur (Delphinium occidentale) Chemotypes and Their Potential Toxicity

Adverse Effects of Larkspur (Delphinium spp.) on Cattle

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