The principal factors contributing to the flux of salt in a narrow, partially stratified estuary

Lewis, R.E.; Lewis, J.O.

doi:10.1016/0272-7714(83)90074-4

Cited by 72 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Oscillatory salt flux has no discernible spring-neap signal, despite the marked spring-neap variation in tidal velocity and salinity, contradicting previous parameterizations of tidal dispersion (Geyer and Signell 1992;Smith 1980) and measurements of oscilatory salt transport from the Tees Estuary (Lewis and Lewis 1983).…”

Section: Thesis Summarycontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Some authors have observed this adjustment process and made qualitative links between' variations of forcing, salt transport, and the length of the salinity intrusion (Jay and Smith 1990;Uncles and Radford 1980;Lewis and Lewis 1983). Others have noted the high variability of tidal velocity, freshwater flow, and mouth salinity in real systems, and constructed numerical models of the salt balance in individual estuaries to simulate the temporal response of the salinity intrusion (Godfrey 1980;Thatcher and Harlemann 1981;Park and Kuo 1996).…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…River discharge produces a seawarddirected flow that can vary from near zero to near 1 m s-i, usually exhibiting a seasonal variation and shorter term fluctuations due to precipitation events. Mean circulation and circulation at frequencies lower than the semi diurnal and diurnal tides are often collectively called the residual circulation (Lewis and Lewis 1983;Jay and Musiak 1996) since they are the residual of a time average over the principal tidal periods. The vertical and lateral deviations of the residual circulation from the cross-sectional average are usually defined as the estuarine circulation (Fischer, 1976) ( Figure 1.1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms and variability of salt transport in partially-stratified estuaries

Bowen¹

2000

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Section: Thesis Summarycontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms and variability of salt transport in partially-stratified estuaries

Bowen¹

2000

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“…The "exchange flow" or "gravitational circulation", which is characterized by deep inflow (denser salt intrusion in bottom layers) and shallow outflow (seaward freshwater flow in surface layers) through a cross section, dominates circulation in many estuaries [5]. Mean circulation and the circulation with frequencies lower than the semidiurnal and diurnal tides are often collectively called the residual circulation [6,7] because they are the residual of a time average over the principal periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Water and Salt Exchanges in a Tidal Estuary

Devkota

Fang

2015

Water

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A calibrated three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was applied to study subtidal water and salt exchanges at various cross sections of the Perdido Bay and Wolf Bay system using the Eulerian decomposition method from 6 September 2008 to 13 July 2009. Salinity, velocity, and water levels at each cross section were extracted from the model output to compute flow rates and salt fluxes. Eulerian analysis concluded that salt fluxes (exchanges) at the Perdido Pass and Dolphin Pass cross sections were dominated by tidal oscillatory transport FT, whereas shear dispersive transport FE (shear dispersion due to vertical and lateral shear transport) was dominant at the Perdido Pass complex, the Wolf-Perdido canal, and the lower Perdido Bay cross sections. The flow rate QF and total salt transport rate FS showed distinct variation in response to complex interactions between discharges from upstream rivers and tidal boundaries. QF and FS ranged from −619 m

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“…Hansen 1965;Fischer 1972;Smith 1980;Lewis and Lewis 1983). These studies; however, failed to resolve variations within the tidal period because the interpretation used only tidal average values.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mass flux estimation and mass transport mechanism in estuaries

Park

James

1990

Limnology & Oceanography

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Hydrodynamic surveys were conducted in a partially stratified estuary. Longitudinal salt fluxes through a cross-section were measured and the optimal number of lateral and 'vertical points for observation and estimation of fluxes ofpollutants found. The hydrodynamic data were decomposed to investigate the mechanism of instantaneous and tidally averaged mass fluxes.The decomposition method developed showed that instantaneous salt flux arose principally from the combination of velocity fluctuation with the tidal mean salinity. The error analysis showed that the estimate of mass flux was sensitive to the error inherent in the velocity data and the error range was within + 10% of the total flux. Seven. depth and four width points gave acceptable estimates of the water flux, salt flux, and longitudinal dispersion.An important feature of estuarine flow systems is the great spatial and temporal (seasonal, semidiurnal, and diurnal) variation resulting from interaction between tidal oscillation and freshwater flow. Having field observations be representative in an estuary is thus highly dependent on the sampling design (sampling locations, sampling rate, and sampling durations) as well as a rational procedure of data analysis and synthesis (Kjerfve 1979). Cross-sectional variations in velocity and pollutant (dissolved or suspended) concentrations may have a significant effect on longitudinal mass flux. One must decide how many lateral and vertical measuring positions are required to estimate longitudinal mass fluxes through a cross-section within an acceptable error. The standard sampling rate is typically once every hour, but only a few studies have been conducted with sufficient spatial resolution to estimate longitudinal mass fluxes precisely.Velocity and concentration values have been decomposed to investigate the relative importance of transverse and vertical variations (e.g. Hansen 1965; Fischer 1972;Smith 1980;Lewis and Lewis 1983). These AcknowledgmentsWe thank R. E. Lewis for advice during this research and K. R. Dyer for supplying the data for Southampton Water.

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The principal factors contributing to the flux of salt in a narrow, partially stratified estuary

Cited by 72 publications

References 14 publications

Mechanisms and variability of salt transport in partially-stratified estuaries

Mechanisms and variability of salt transport in partially-stratified estuaries

Quantification of Water and Salt Exchanges in a Tidal Estuary

Mass flux estimation and mass transport mechanism in estuaries

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