The Prince Edward Islands: A sanctuary for seabirds in the Southern Ocean

Williams, Anthony; Siegfried, W. R.; Burger, A E; Berruti, A.

doi:10.1016/0006-3207(79)90015-6

Cited by 53 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Williams et al, 1975Williams et al, , 1979Siegfried, 1978;Berruti et al, 2000;Rounsevell and Copson, 1982;Schramm, 1986; The impact of parameters K, μ and β MA is investigated by varying dimensionless parameters e and σ MA , using additional information on the intrinsic growth rate of cats on oceanic islands (cf. Section 3.2).…”

Section: Parameter Values For the Birds-cats-fiv Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Disease Introduction as Biological Control of Invasive Predators to Preserve Endangered Prey

Oliveira

Hilker

2009

Bull. Math. Biol.

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Invasive species are a significant cause of bio-diversity loss particularly in island ecosystems. It has been suggested to release pathogenic parasites as an efficient control measure of these mostly immune-naïve populations. In order to explore the potential impacts of such bio-control approach, we construct and investigate mathematical models describing disease dynamics in a host population that acts as a predator embedded in a simple food chain. The consequences of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) introduction into a closed ecosystem are addressed using a bi-trophic system, comprising an indigenous prey (birds) and an introduced predator (cats). Our results show that FIV is unlikely to fully eradicate cats on sub-Antarctic islands, but it can be efficient in depressing their population size, allowing for the recovery of the endangered prey. Depending on the ecological setting and disease transmission mode (we consider proportionate mixing as well as mass action), successful pathogen invasion can induce population oscillations that are not possible in the disease-free predator-prey system. These fluctuations can be seen as a mixed blessing from a management point of view. On the one hand, they may increase the extinction risk of the birds. On the other hand, they provide an opportunity to eradicate cats more easily in combination with other methods such as trapping or culling.

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Section: Parameter Values For the Birds-cats-fiv Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Disease Introduction as Biological Control of Invasive Predators to Preserve Endangered Prey

Oliveira

Hilker

2009

Bull. Math. Biol.

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“…Because of the inherent uncertainties with this calculation, and the estimate it is based on, the figure obtained should be treated with caution. In the 1973/74 breeding season, the population of rockhopper penguins at Marion Island was estimated from ground counts to be 424 600 birds (here taken to represent 212 300 pairs; Watkins 1987), but in the period 1974 -1977 only 93 286 pairs were counted (Williams et al 1975, Siegfried et al 1978. The 1973/74 count was conducted along c. 75% of the island's coastline (not including Crawford and Triegaardt bays) during the months of January -March 1974 (Williams et al 1975), so would not have accounted for breeders that failed beforehand.…”

Section: Population Estimates 1965/66-1996/97mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 1973/74 breeding season, the population of rockhopper penguins at Marion Island was estimated from ground counts to be 424 600 birds (here taken to represent 212 300 pairs; Watkins 1987), but in the period 1974 -1977 only 93 286 pairs were counted (Williams et al 1975, Siegfried et al 1978. The 1973/74 count was conducted along c. 75% of the island's coastline (not including Crawford and Triegaardt bays) during the months of January -March 1974 (Williams et al 1975), so would not have accounted for breeders that failed beforehand. The 1974-1977 count was conducted in January and February (actual year(s) of counts not given) and was thought to have included 75% of the total breeding population (Siegfried et al 1978), so again may be regarded as an underestimate.…”

Section: Population Estimates 1965/66-1996/97mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decrease in Numbers of the Eastern Rockhopper PenguinEudyptes Chrysocome Filholiat Marion Island, 1994/95–2002/03

Crawford¹,

Cooper

Dyer³

et al. 2003

African Journal of Marine Science

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“…1 000 m -3 and < 300 mg dwt 1 000 m -3 respectively (Pakhomov & Froneman 1999b;Pakhomov et al 2000b;Gurney et al 2002). There are no seasonal data on the macrozooplankton, but the presence of up to 5 million breeding pairs of top predators on the islands during summer (Williams et al 1979), the majority of which are directly dependant on the surrounding oceans for their food, suggests that there is a strong seasonal pattern in macrozooplankton availability. Certainly estimates of total macrozooplankton abundance and biomass for the PFZ and indeed in the vicinity of the Prince Edward Islands during winter are nearly an order of magnitude lower than the values recorded in the PFZ in other sectors of the Southern Ocean in summer ).…”

Section: Zooplankton Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology in the oceanographic environment

McQuaid¹,

Froneman²

2008

The Prince Edward Islands: Land-Sea Interactions in a Changing Ecosystem.

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The earliest recorded study of the marine environment around the Prince Edward Islands was preliminary oceanographic work in the late nineteenth century done when HMS Challenger briefly visited the islands in 1873. However, it was only in 1976, that the French vessel, the MS Marion Dufresene undertook the first comprehensive investigation of the biology of the marine environment (Pakhomov & Froneman 1999a). Another ten years lapsed before a focussed programme began the systematic study of the marine biology of the islands and the links between physical oceanography, life in the water column, and the air breathing, land-based top predators breeding on the islands. During the late 1980s, the Marion Offshore Ecosystem Study (MOES) addressed the problem of how a tiny archipelago of two small islands could sustain the enormous populations of pinnipeds and birds that aggregate there during summer and autumn (Pakhomov & Froneman 1999a;McQuaid & Froneman 2004). The initial target of investigation was the existence of an island mass effect at the archipelago, a phenomenon of greatly enhanced primary production in a low productivity part of the ocean, and how, or whether this production fed into the top predators. The programme was unusual in laying equal emphasis on the availability of food and the importance of its physical supply to consumers. By the end of the programme an understanding of trophic relationships between autochthonous or allochthonous food sources and the top predators was developed as what became known as the "life support system" of the

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The Prince Edward Islands: A sanctuary for seabirds in the Southern Ocean

Cited by 53 publications

References 7 publications

Modelling Disease Introduction as Biological Control of Invasive Predators to Preserve Endangered Prey

Modelling Disease Introduction as Biological Control of Invasive Predators to Preserve Endangered Prey

Decrease in Numbers of the Eastern Rockhopper PenguinEudyptes Chrysocome Filholiat Marion Island, 1994/95–2002/03

Biology in the oceanographic environment

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