“…Such concerns have motivated several rule-making bodies responsible for regulating the audit profession, especially in Western countries, to issue rules aimed at safeguarding auditors' independence from the possibly negative effects of providing NAS to audit clients, including the famous U.S. Sarbanes & Oxley Act. Additionally, the joint provision issue has long attracted the interest of academics and has been a focus of investigation of extensive audit research (e.g., Simunic, 1984;Beck, Frecka, & Solomon, 1988b;Barkess & Simnett, 1994;Hay, Knechel, & Li , 2006;Basioudis, Papakonstantinou, & Geiger, 2008;Davis & Hollie, 2008;Ye, Carson, & Simnett, 2011;Klumpes, Komarev, & Eleftheriou, 2016;Park, Choi, & Cheung, 2017). This line of audit research has typically sought examining whether the joint provision of audit and NAS to audit clients can lead to jeopardizing auditors' independence.…”