The PrfA virulence regulon

Scortti, Mariela; Monzó, Héctor J.; Lacharme-Lora, Lizeth; Lewis, Deborah A.; Vázquez‐Boland, José A.

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2007.05.007

Cited by 202 publications

(244 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…This finding was in line with the known up-regulation of the PrfA regulon occurring in intracellular bacteria, which mediate lysis of the phagosomal membrane and cell-to-cell spread of the pathogen (20,21). Our proteomic analyses were also in concordance with the transcriptomic data.…”

Section: Identification Of Surface Proteins In Cell Wall Of Intracellsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…For instance, the activity of the master virulence regulator of L. monocytogenes PrfA, which controls expression of functions involved in virulence such as the listeriolysin LLO and the phospholipases PlcA and PlcB (15,20,21), differs in these distinct growth conditions (19). PrfA also modulates the expression of surface proteins, including proteins bearing an LPXTG-sorting motif, GW-rich modules, and the membrane protein ActA, which induces host actin assembly (15,20,21).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Association of ActA to Peptidoglycan Revealed by Cell Wall Proteomics of Intracellular Listeria monocytogenes

Portillo

Calvo

D'Orazio

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive intracellular bacterial pathogen that colonizes the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. Recent transcriptomic studies have revealed that intracellular L. monocytogenes alter expression of genes encoding envelope components. However, no comparative global analysis of this cell wall remodeling process is yet known at the protein level. Here, we used high resolution mass spectrometry to define the cell wall proteome of L. monocytogenes growing inside epithelial cells. When compared with extracellular bacteria growing in a nutrient-rich medium, a major difference found in the proteome was the presence of the actin assembly-inducing protein ActA in peptidoglycan purified from intracellular bacteria. ActA was also identified in the peptidoglycan of extracellular bacteria growing in a chemically defined minimal medium. In this condition, ActA maintains its membrane anchoring domain and promotes efficient bacterial entry into nonphagocytic host cells. Unexpectedly, Internalin-A, which mediates entry of extracellular L. monocytogenes into eukaryotic cells, was identified at late infection times (6 h) as an abundant protein in the cell wall of intracellular bacteria. Other surface proteins covalently bound to the peptidoglycan, as Lmo0514 and Lmo2085, were detected exclusively in intracellular and extracellular bacteria, respectively. Altogether, these data provide the first insights into the changes occurring at the protein level in the L. monocytogenes cell wall as the pathogen transits from the extracellular environment to an intracytosolic lifestyle inside eukaryotic cells. Some of these changes include alterations in the relative amount and the mode of association of certain surface proteins.

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Section: Identification Of Surface Proteins In Cell Wall Of Intracellsupporting

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of ActA to Peptidoglycan Revealed by Cell Wall Proteomics of Intracellular Listeria monocytogenes

Portillo

Calvo

D'Orazio

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The core PrfA regulon is composed of the ten virulence genes first identified as being PrfA-dependent. 177 Independent studies have then identified nearly 160 L. monocytogenes EGD-e genes whose expression is directly or indirectly dependent on PrfA. 92,[178][179][180][181][182] …”

Section: Regulation Of Virulence Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…183 Homodimeric PrfA activates transcription by binding to a palindromic promoter region (PrfA box) of canonical sequence tTAACanntGTtAa, which contains seven conserved nucleotides (in capitals) and a tolerance of two mismatches. 22,177 PrfA integrates both environment-and bacteria-elicited signals to ensure the proper spatio-temporal transcription of the regulon: strongest induction levels in the host cell cytoplasm and repression in the environmental habitat. Multiple mechanisms regulate PrfA expression and activity.…”

Section: O N O T D I S T R I B U T Ementioning

confidence: 99%

The arsenal of virulence factors deployed byListeria monocytogenesto promote its cell infection cycle

et al. 2011

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“…It makes sense because, in general, the host cell cytosol is not simply a nutrient-rich culture medium but, rather, is a complex environment that requires specific physiological adaptation by the pathogen. In Listeria monocytogenes, virulence genes that are essential for its intracellular life cycle is under the control of a single transcriptional activator, PrfA, which belongs to the cAMP receptor protein/fumarate and nitrate reduction regulator (CRP/FNR) family of transcriptional activators (45). PrfA activity seems to be modulated by the phosphorylation state of the major PTS transporter for glucose, mannose, and cellobiose.…”

Section: Role Of Ccr Machinery Beyond Sugar Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rewiring carbon catabolite repression for microbial cell factory

Parisutham¹,

Kim²,

Lee³

et al. 2012

BMB Reports

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Carbon catabolite repression (CCR) is a key regulatory system found in most microorganisms that ensures preferential utilization of energy-efficient carbon sources. CCR helps microorganisms obtain a proper balance between their metabolic capacity and the maximum sugar uptake capability. It also constrains the deregulated utilization of a preferred cognate substrate, enabling microorganisms to survive and dominate in natural environments. On the other side of the same coin lies the tenacious bottleneck in microbial production of bioproducts that employs a combination of carbon sources in varied proportion, such as lignocellulose-derived sugar mixtures. Preferential sugar uptake combined with the transcriptional and/or enzymatic exclusion of less preferred sugars turns out one of the major barriers in increasing the yield and productivity of fermentation process. Accumulation of the unused substrate also complicates the downstream processes used to extract the desired product. To overcome this difficulty and to develop tailor-made strains for specific metabolic engineering goals, quantitative and systemic understanding of the molecular interaction map behind CCR is a prerequisite. Here we comparatively review the universal and strain-specific features of CCR circuitry and discuss the recent efforts in developing synthetic cell factories devoid of CCR particularly for lignocellulose-based biorefinery. [BMB reports 2012; 45(2): 59-70]

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The PrfA virulence regulon

Cited by 202 publications

References 90 publications

Association of ActA to Peptidoglycan Revealed by Cell Wall Proteomics of Intracellular Listeria monocytogenes

Association of ActA to Peptidoglycan Revealed by Cell Wall Proteomics of Intracellular Listeria monocytogenes

The arsenal of virulence factors deployed byListeria monocytogenesto promote its cell infection cycle

Rewiring carbon catabolite repression for microbial cell factory

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