The Preventive Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients with Time Factors: A Randomized Trial

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Of the 26 potentially eligible studies, 14 articles were excluded because of non-elderly patients, ineligible intervention, ineligible outcome and no available data. Finally, 12 trials were included ( Gao et al, 2018 ; Qian et al, 2018 ; Liu, 2019 ; Ding et al, 2020 , 2022 ; He and Sheng, 2020 ; Guo et al, 2021 ; Wei et al, 2021 , 2022 ; Wu et al, 2021 ; Du et al, 2022 ; Xu et al, 2022 ). A flow diagram of study selection is displayed in Figure 1 .…”

“…Eight trials reported patients who underwent orthopedic surgery ( Gao et al, 2018 ; Qian et al, 2018 ; Ding et al, 2020 , 2022 ; He and Sheng, 2020 ; Wei et al, 2021 , 2022 ; Xu et al, 2022 ), three involved patients undergoing thoracic surgery ( Liu, 2019 ; Guo et al, 2021 ; Du et al, 2022 ), and the remaining one had patients for digestive surgery ( Wu et al, 2021 ). As assessment methods for POD, confusion assessment method (CAM) ( Qian et al, 2018 ; Ding et al, 2020 , 2022 ; He and Sheng, 2020 ; Wei et al, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2021 ), confusion assessment method-Chinese version (CAM-CR) ( Wei et al, 2022 ), confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU) ( Gao et al, 2018 ; Liu, 2019 ) and 4 A’s test (4AT) ( Xu et al, 2022 ) were employed. All trials reported the incidence of POD, and four reported the duration of POD ( Qian et al, 2018 ; Liu, 2019 ; He and Sheng, 2020 ; Guo et al, 2021 ).…”

“…These trials were published from 2018 to 2022. Eight trials reported patients who underwent orthopedic surgery (Gao et al, 2018;Qian et al, 2018;Ding et al, 2020Ding et al, , 2022He and Sheng, 2020;Wei et al, 2021Wei et al, , 2022Xu et al, 2022), three involved patients undergoing thoracic surgery (Liu, 2019;Guo et al, 2021;Du et al, 2022), and the remaining one had patients for digestive surgery (Wu et al, 2021). As assessment methods for POD, confusion assessment method (CAM) (Qian et al, 2018;Ding et al, 2020Ding et al, , 2022He and FIGURE 1 Flow diagram of the study selection process.…”

The Effect of Electroacupuncture Preconditioning on Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation Levels in Elderly Patients with Diabetes

“…To date, there have been multiple studies on the relationship between acupuncture and cognitive function. [27][28][29] Research has shown that perioperative acupoint stimulation could protect brain function by increasing the level of superoxide dismutase, inhibiting the oxidative stress response, and reducing the release of proteins that could cause brain injuries, thereby reducing the occurrence of postoperative cognitive impairment in elderly patients. 28,29 In a prospective randomized controlled trial of elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery, Zhang et al 30 found that preoperative electroacupuncture pretreatment of the DU20, ST36 (Dazhui), and ST36 (Zusanli) acupoints could reduce serum interleukin (IL) levels of IL6 and IL-10, inhibit the inflammatory response, and reduce the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.…”

“…[27][28][29] Research has shown that perioperative acupoint stimulation could protect brain function by increasing the level of superoxide dismutase, inhibiting the oxidative stress response, and reducing the release of proteins that could cause brain injuries, thereby reducing the occurrence of postoperative cognitive impairment in elderly patients. 28,29 In a prospective randomized controlled trial of elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery, Zhang et al 30 found that preoperative electroacupuncture pretreatment of the DU20, ST36 (Dazhui), and ST36 (Zusanli) acupoints could reduce serum interleukin (IL) levels of IL6 and IL-10, inhibit the inflammatory response, and reduce the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Soligo et al 17 identified that electroacupuncture could improve the memory-related function of the hippocampus in diabetic rats, restore the damaged long-term potentiation of the dentate gyrus, and increase the expression of vesicular glutamate transporter 1, thereby normalizing the activity-dependent release of proNGF in the hippocampus of diabetic rats.…”