The Prevalence of Visual Acuity Impairment among School Children at Arada Subcity Primary Schools in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Darge, Haile Fentahun; Shibru, Getahun; Mulugeta, Abiy; Dagnachew, Yinebeb Mezgebu

doi:10.1155/2017/9326108

Cited by 32 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The sample size for this study was calculated using the formula: N=(Z) 2 (1.0-p) (p)/(b) 2 , where N is the minimum sample size, Z=1.96 for a 95% of confidence interval (CI), p is the anticipated population prevalence (assumed to be 10.0%), b is the desired error bound accepted as 0.05. A design effect (b) of 2.0 and 10% contingency factor to account for attrition was also considered.…”

Section: Study Size Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visually impaired persons are more likely to be rejected from jobs. 2 The principal causes of visual impairment and blindness in the world include uncorrected refractive error, unoperated cataract, glaucoma, age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, trachoma and corneal opacities. Most of the causes of visual impairment and blindness are either preventable or treatable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness among school children in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan

et al. 2018

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Background: Vision loss in childhood has serious implications in all stages of child’s growth and development. It poses social, educational and occupational challenges, with affected children being at greater risk of developing behavioral, psychological and emotional problems, lower self-esteem and poorer social integration. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and identify the causes of visual impairment and blindness in school children of UC Gojra, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan so that prevention strategies could be implemented.Methods: This was a school-based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among public and private schools. A multi-stage stratified random sampling technique was used for selecting study participants aged 5-20 years from 24 schools in Muzaffarabad. The vision of school children was examined for visual acuity using standard Snellen chart. Those participants who had visual acuity of <6/18 in either eye underwent a more detailed ophthalmic examination to diagnose the causes of VI. An exploration of demographic variables was conducted using Chi-square test. Results: The mean age of participants was 10±2.83. The prevalence of visual impairment was 19.6% and 2.3% for severe visual impairment. The age group most affected by VI was 11-15 years (74.2%). There were increased chances of developing VI with advancing age of the participants. Males contributed 88.7% of the cases of VI while females contributed only 11.3%. The class category 5-6 had higher percentage of VI cases (32.7%). Public schools contributed 52.8% of the cases of VI while for private schools the corresponding percentage was 47.2%. The leading cause of VI was refractive error (89.3%) followed by amblyopia (5.0%). Other causes of VI included cataract (1.2%), corneal disease (1.8%), strabismus (1.8%) and nystagmus (0.6%).Conclusions: There is a need to implement school health policy on visual screening prior to admissions in schools and annual eye screening program for early detection and prompt treatment of eye problems among school children in Muzaffarabad.

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Section: Study Size Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness among school children in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan

et al. 2018

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“…In addition, in some fields of studies such as electrical engineering, agriculture, laboratory, forensic sciences, chemical engineering, soil engineering and architectural engineering normal colour vision is important [2,13,22]. In Ethiopia, there are a limited number of studies done to assess the prevalence of congenital colour vision deficiency and its potential professional impacts [23][24][25][26][27][28]. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence and allele frequencies of red-green colour vision defects among students at Hawassa University, Ethiopia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and allele frequency of Congenital Colour Vision Deficiency (CCVD) among students at Hawassa University, Ethiopia

Mitiku

Tolera

Tolesa

2020

J. Egypt. Public. Health. Assoc.

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Background: The prevalence of congenital colour vision deficiency (CCVD) varies from race to race and differs in different geographic regions. Colour vision deficiency or colour blindness, is the inability or decreased ability of discriminating certain colour combinations and colour differences under normal lighting conditions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of congenital colour vision deficiency among students at Hawassa University. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was employed involving 4004 students (females = 1171 and males = 2833) from four campuses, namely, Institutes of Technology, College of Health Science and Medicine, College of Agriculture and Main Campus. The Ishihara pseudo-isochromatic 24 plate edition was used to test the colour vision of students under natural day light condition. Results: The prevalence of CCVD in the present study was 2.85%. A hundred and six (3.75%) males and eight (0.68%) females were affected with congenital colour vision deficiency. The frequencies of achromacy, deutan and protan in male subjects were 4 (0.14%), 82 (2.89%), and 24 (0.85%), respectively. Deutan was highest among students of Amhara ethnic origin (38, 2.51%), but the frequency of protan was highest amongst Oromo students (10, 0.8%). Conclusion and recommendations:The overall prevalence of CCVD found in the present study was lower compared to the previous studies done in Ethiopia. There was clear variation in the prevalence of colour vision deficiency among students of various ethnic groups. Proper screening, education and counseling are needed to minimize impacts of CCVD in the country, and can also be beneficial for the affected subject in tackling difficulties in everyday work and for proper choice of future profession.

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“…If early diagnosis and treatment are used, visual impairment can be corrected easily1. Therefore, early detection and treatment of visual problem is important to prevent long term visual disability and to enhance overall quality of life 5 . There are many causes of visual impairment in children such as refractive error, corneal opacities 6 , retinopathy of prematurity 7 , cataract and trachoma 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, early detection and treatment of visual problem is important to prevent long term visual disability and to enhance overall quality of life 5 . There are many causes of visual impairment in children such as refractive error, corneal opacities 6 , retinopathy of prematurity 7 , cataract and trachoma 5 . Different studies reported that, the most common cause of visual impairment in children is refractive errors 8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual impairment and associated factors among primary school children in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Woldeamanuel¹,

Biru²,

Geta³

et al. 2020

Afr H. Sci.

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Background: Visual impairment is one of the major public health problems worldwide, especially in developing countries. Objective: To determine the prevalence of visual impairment and its associated factors among school children in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in eight primary schools of Gurage Zone. A total of 1064 pupils, of whom589 boys and 475 girls were selected using multistage sampling technique. Socio-demographic characteristics of the participants were collected using structured questionnaires and visual acuity was measured using Snellen’s chart. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors of visual impairment. Results: The prevalence of visual impairment was 5.2%. Factors significantly associated with visual impairment were age group of 13-18 years (AOR = 9.44, 95% CI = 3.83 – 23.25), school grade level of 5- 8 (AOR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.23 – 7.17), rural residents (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.22 – 5.54), family’s monthly income of less than 2000 Ethiopian Birr (AOR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.08 – 7.61) and visually impaired parents (AOR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.06 – 4.39). Conclusion: This study found that the prevalence of visual impairment was 5.2%. Keywords: Visual impairment; primary school children; Gurage Zone; Southern Ethiopia.

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The Prevalence of Visual Acuity Impairment among School Children at Arada Subcity Primary Schools in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness among school children in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan

Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness among school children in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan

Prevalence and allele frequency of Congenital Colour Vision Deficiency (CCVD) among students at Hawassa University, Ethiopia

Visual impairment and associated factors among primary school children in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia

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