The prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in Eastern Mediterranean region (EMRO): A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mirahmadizadeh, Alireza; Fathalipour, Mohammad; Mokhtari, Ali Mohammad; Zeighami, Shahryar; Hassanipour, Soheil; Heiran, Alireza

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107931

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“… 11 A recent meta-analysis on the prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM in countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) reported a pooled-prevalence estimate of 5.45% (95% CI: 4.77–6.13), which was based on data extracted from 50 studies. 22 At a global scale, the prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM was reported to be 4.6% among adults in the US, 8 6.9% among adults in China, 9 1.7% among adults participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, 23 5.37% [meta-analysis pooled-prevalence] among adults living in countries in Africa, 24 1.7% among adults living in France, 25 and 3.4% among adults living in a semi-rural setting in Catalonia, Spain. 26 Hence, such results indicate the presence of variability in the prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM across nations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes Among Kuwaiti Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Mohammad¹,

Ziyab²,

Mohammad³

2021

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This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) according to fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose (PG) during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among a sample of Kuwaiti adults. In addition, associations of prediabetes and undiagnosed T2DM with sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed. Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 1238 subjects aged 18-65 years who reported no prior history of DM. After overnight fasting, FPG and HbA1c were measured in the total study sample, and 2-h PG during a 75-g OGTT was measured in a subsample of 155 subjects. Prediabetes and undiagnosed T2DM were defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results: We enrolled a total of 618 males and 620 females, with an average age of 43.0 years. The prevalence of prediabetes was estimated to be 47.9% (588/1228) by FPG, 36.8% (57/155) by 2-h PG OGTT, and 31.0% (355/1144) by HbA1c. The prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM was 6.9% (85/1228) by FPG, 11.0% (17/155) by 2-h PG OGTT, and 4.9% (56/ 1144) by HbA1c. Sex-related differences in the prevalence of prediabetes and undiagnosed T2DM were observed. Prediabetes and undiagnosed T2DM prevalence estimates showed increasing trends as age and BMI increased. For instance, obese subjects compared to under/ normal weight subjects had an increased HbA1c-defined prediabetes prevalence (aPR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.21-2.16). Conclusion:Prediabetes and undiagnosed T2DM affect a considerable proportion of Kuwaiti adults, and variations across sex, age, and BMI exist. Hence, early identification and management of affected individuals may help reduce the public health burden.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes Among Kuwaiti Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Mohammad¹,

Ziyab²,

Mohammad³

2021

DMSO

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“…Many factors may contribute to the development of chronic diseases, including genetics and environmental factors [ 8 – 10 ]. The rising trend of obesity has also made it one of the main leading causes of NCDs in the world [ 11 – 13 ], which makes it the important risk factor of other chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplements consumption and its association with socioeconomic factors, obesity and main non-communicable chronic diseases in the north of Iran: the PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS)

et al. 2021

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Background Dietary supplements (DSs) use have become a growing trend worldwide, and it may be affected by demographic and sociocultural factors. Some people use supplements with the thought that they can improve their health, reduce symptoms and prevent disease. The aim of the present study was to define the frequency of DS use and its association with socioeconomic factors among participants with selected main non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) (diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension (HTN), cancers, and obesity in the north of Iran. Methods This large cross-sectional study was conducted as a part of the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study. Supplement use during last year and its type, demographic factors, socioeconomic status, lifestyle habits were asked by face-to-face interview. The history of chronic disease was defined by a trained team. Data were analyzed using SPSS. The chance of supplement use according to demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variables and history of chronic disease was analyzed by logistic regression. Results 10,520 men and women aged 35–70 years in Some’e Sara County (including urban regions and 39 villages) were studied. About 25% of participants consumed DSs. The highest consumption of DS was calcium/vitamin D (11.1%), ferrous sulfate (8.8%), and vitamin D pearl or ampoule (7.7%). The highest percent of the history of chronic disease was central obesity (62.7%), HTN (43.2%), and general obesity (32.7), respectively. After adjustment for confounders, those with female gender, the highest age ranges (55–65 and > 65 years), high academic education, living in urban regions, and good economic status were more likely to be DSs consumers; however, married and smoker subjects were more likely to consume DS. Participants who had a history of diabetes, HTN, CVD, Obesity, and Central Obesity were more likely to intake DS in comparison with healthy subjects. Conclusion This study showed that a quarter of the participants were DS users. Female sex, older age groups, and higher educated participants, and among chronic disease, patients with HTN, CVD, and diabetes were more likely to be users of any DS.

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“…17 A systemic review and meta-analysis of 55 articles on prediabetes and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in the Eastern Mediterranean region showed that 12.9% had prediabetes and 5.4% had diabetes. 18 Our patients were all overweight and obese, and in those with one first degree relative or more, the risk of prediabetes and diabetes was very high, at 47.6%. In those with siblings with diabetes, the risk was higher than for those with both parents with diabetes (19.1% vs, 9.5%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Family History, Consanguinity and Other Risk Factors Affecting the Prevalence of Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight and Obese Yemeni Adults

Al-Sharafi¹,

Qais²,

Salem³

et al. 2021

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Objective: Overweight and obese adults are at high risk for developing prediabetes and diabetes. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of prediabetes (pre-DM) and diabetes (DM) among Yemeni adults who were overweight or obese and had first-degree relatives with DM, consanguinity and other risk factors. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 612 adults, all with a BMI≥25 kg/ m 2 . BMI, blood pressure (BP) and waist circumference (WC) were measured in the clinic. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was collected for all subjects. The patients either had first-degree relatives with diabetes or not, and the subjects answered a questionnaire regarding the consanguinity of their parents, exercise, khat chewing, smoking, and eating vegetables and fruits daily. Results: Of the 612 study participants (32% males and 68% females) aged 20-70 years old, 429 (70.1%) had a family history (FM) of DM ± consanguinity of parents, and 183 (29.9%) had no FM of diabetes. Multivariate analysis showed significant risk in those with class III obesity for pre-DM (AOR 3.10 95% CI 1.56-6.18 p value 0.001) and DM (AOR 3.35 95% CI 1.47-7.65 p value 0.004) and those who had siblings with DM had a risk for pre-DM (AOR 1.72 95% CI 1.09-2.71 p value 0.02) and DM (AOR 2.24 95% CI 1.25-4.0 p value 0.007). Khat chewing increased the risk for pre-DM (AOR 1.61 95% CI 1.04-2.48 p value 0.032) and for DM (AOR 2.09 95% CI 1.14-3.82 p value 0.017). Having consanguineous parents plus siblings with DM were associated with a higher risk of DM (p value 0.031). Conclusion:There is a high prevalence of pre-DM and undiagnosed DM among overweight and obese Yemeni individuals. Class III obesity, having siblings with DM, chewing khat, and having consanguineous parents plus siblings with DM all increased the risk. This group should be screened at an early age for early detection of pre-DM and DM.

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The prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in Eastern Mediterranean region (EMRO): A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 31 publications

References 74 publications

Prevalence of Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes Among Kuwaiti Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence of Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes Among Kuwaiti Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dietary supplements consumption and its association with socioeconomic factors, obesity and main non-communicable chronic diseases in the north of Iran: the PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS)

Family History, Consanguinity and Other Risk Factors Affecting the Prevalence of Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight and Obese Yemeni Adults

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