The prevalence of thyroid nodules and its relationship with metabolic parameters in a Chinese community-based population aged over 40 years

Guo, Hongwei; Sun, Min; He, Wei; Chen, Huanhuan; Wen, Li Ming; Tang, Jinmei; Tang, Wei; Lu, Jieli; Bi, Yufang; Ning, Guang; Yang, Tao; Duan, Yu

doi:10.1007/s12020-013-9968-0

Cited by 57 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thyroid cancer has become the most common form of cancer among Chinese women aged below 30 years old6. Our previous study has showed that by using ultrasound the prevalence of thyroid nodule was 46.6% in population aged above 40 years old8. However, only 7–15% of them are supposed to be cancerous according to the recent guideline from American Thyroid Association (ATA)5.…”

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Evolutionary features of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroidectomies from 2008 to 2013 in China

Liu

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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To evaluate the characteristics of thyroid carcinoma over time, we carried out a retrospective study to illustrate the evolutionary features of thyroid carcinoma. All records of thyroidectomies from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2008 to 2013 were obtained focusing on pathological diagnosis, size, local lymph node metastasis (LNM) of the tumors. The thyroid cancer detection rate increased from 24.6% to 41.5% significantly (P < 0.05). Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remained to be the most common type counting 86.4% of all thyroid carcinomas. In all 1,704 PTCs, microPTC (mPTC) with maximum diameter less than or equal to 10 mm has become the dominant form taking up 56.5% of all PTCs in 2013 while only 43.1% in 2008. The mean maximum tumor size has decreased from 17.8 mm to 12.2 mm significantly (P < 0.05). However, the average age, female dominance, and local LNM remained similarly in the past six years. Logistic regression test showed that the determinants for local LNM were age, gender and tumor size. mPTC has become the most common form of thyroid carcinoma detected during thyroidectomies in China while other features of thyroid carcinoma remained similarly in the recent years.

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Evolutionary features of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroidectomies from 2008 to 2013 in China

Liu

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…In addition to gender, other age-related conditions including hypertension, diabetes, and underweight were found to independently correlate to TNs. The associations between TNs and hypertension as well as diabetes have been reported in general population [8,23,24]. Previous studies have investigated the relationship between obesity and TNs, indicating that people who were overweight and with a higher BMI were more likely to have TNs than those who were not [5,21,25].…”

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confidence: 82%

Thyroid Nodules in Centenarians: Prevalence and Relationship to Lifestyle Characteristics and Dietary Habits

Yao

Chen

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Thyroid nodules (TNs) are common thyroid lesions in older population. Few studies focused on the prevalence of TNs and its relationship to lifestyle characteristics and dietary habits in centenarians. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of TNs in Chinese centenarians using high-resolution ultrasound equipment and investigate its relationship to lifestyles and dietary habits. The current study was part of China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study (CHCCS) which conducted in Hainan, an iodine sufficient region in China. A total of 874 permanent residents aged 100 years or older (mean age, 102.8 ± 2.8 years) without any missing data were included in the analysis. Among the participants, 649 of them were detected at least one thyroid nodule under the ultrasound examinations. The overall prevalence rate of TNs was 74.3%. The prevalence of TNs was higher in participants who were females, hypertension, diabetes, and underweight than their counterparts. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that being female, hypertension, diabetes, betel quid consumption, red meat consumption were independent risk factors, while being underweight, and nut consumption were independent protective factors for TNs. Our findings indicate that the presence of thyroid nodules was highly prevalent in Chinese centenarians, particularly in females. In addition to gender, hypertension, diabetes, and underweight, the presence of TNs was independently associated with betel quid, red meat, and nut consumptions. Further prospective studies are warranted to verify these associations in population from different age strata, races, cultures, and iodine backgrounds. 2 / 12 IntroductionThyroid nodules (TNs) are common thyroid lesions in older population. High-resolution ultrasonography has made possible the detection of asymptomatic and non-palpable thyroid nodules [1]. The prevalence of TNs detected by high-resolution ultrasonography was 19-68% based on randomly selected individuals, with annual increasing trends worldwide [2,3]. The clinical importance of TNs detection rests with the need to exclude thyroid cancer, which occurs in 5-15% of TN cases [1,4]. A recent study reported that the occurrence of TNs increased as people age, with a prevalence of 74% in a community-based sample of Chinese senior adults [5]. However, the prevalence of this lesion in centenarians remained understudied. Considering the issues mentioned above, there is a need to specifically determine the prevalence of TNs in late life, particularly in centenarians.The high prevalence rate of TNs was partly due to widespread application of high-resolution ultrasound and early diagnosis. In addition, recent studies also proposed that several risk factors could attribute to TNs. Among those risk factors, some factors were non-modifiable such as age, sex, and history of irradiation exposure, while others were modifiable including iodine intake, smoking, alcohol drinking, obesity and metabolic syndrome [5][6][7][8]. However, some other modifiable factors, inc...

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“…In replace, more chances will be given to patients who truly need thyroidectomy for higher risk of malignancy. Given the high prevalence of thyroid nodule in our community (Guo et al, 2013) and limited healthcare resources, it is worthwhile to reconsider the algorithm when referring a patient for thyroidectomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of thyroid nodule is about 18-40% in adult Chinese Guo et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2013). However, only 5-10 percent of all thyroid nodules are malignant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Financial Impact of Thyroidectomies for Nodular Thyroid Disease in China

Liu

Zhu²,

Cui³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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A large proportion of patients with thyroid nodules in China undergo thyroidectomy in order to get confirmatory histology diagnosis. The financial impact of this modality remains to be investigated. To evaluate rationality of performing thyroidectomy without a routine FNA preoperatively from the economic perspective, we conducted a retrospective, observational study of all archival thyroidectomies with records of cost per stay (CPS), cost per day (CPD) and length of stay (LOS) from 2008 to 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. We compared all the parameters between cancer and non-cancer thyroidectomies. We recruited 6, 140 thyroidectomies with valid records of CPS, CPD and LOS in this period. The CPS of cancer thyroidectomy was significantly higher than non-cancer thyroidectomy. The percentage of cancer thyroidectomy increased from 26.5% to 41.6%. The percentage of annual cost of cancer thyroidectomies rose from 30.2% to 45.2%. The LOS for cancer and non-cancer thyroidectomy decreased while the CPD increased in the past six years. The estimated national cost in 2012 for all thyroidectomies would be USD 1.86 billion with USD 1.09 billion for non-cancer thyroidectomies. We have witnessed great improvement in the healthcare for patients with thyroid nodules in China. However, given limited healthcare resources, currently thyroid FNA for more precise preoperative diagnosis may help to curb the rapidly increasing demand in healthcare costs in the future for nodular thyroid disease in China.

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The prevalence of thyroid nodules and its relationship with metabolic parameters in a Chinese community-based population aged over 40 years

Cited by 57 publications

References 25 publications

Evolutionary features of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroidectomies from 2008 to 2013 in China

Evolutionary features of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroidectomies from 2008 to 2013 in China

Thyroid Nodules in Centenarians: Prevalence and Relationship to Lifestyle Characteristics and Dietary Habits

Annual Financial Impact of Thyroidectomies for Nodular Thyroid Disease in China

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