The prevalence of the technocratic model in obstetric care from the perspective of health professionals

Abstract

Objectives: to identify the reasons for the prevalence of the technocratic model in obstetric care from the perspective of health professionals. Methods: Grounded Theory. Study approved by two Research Ethics Committees and conducted by theoretical sampling, from July 2015 to June 2017. Twenty-nine interviews were conducted with health professionals from two maternity hospitals in the Southern Region of Brazil. Data collection and analysis was performed alternately; and analysis by open, axial, and selective coding/integration. Results: the technocratic model still persists because the assistance is performed in a mechanized way, centered on the professionals. There is a lack of systematization of care, and under-dimensioning of the nursing staff. Final Considerations: obstetric nurses need to review their performance in obstetric centers, the internal organization, the dimensioning of nursing professionals, and become protagonists of care. Investment in academic training/updating the knowledge of midwifery professionals, based on scientific evidence and user-centered care is necessary.

O Campo Da Enfermagem Obstétrica Em Minas Gerais: Análise Das Emergências E Proveniências

“…No contexto nacional, desde meados do século XX, houve a ampliação do número de maternidades e clínicas médicas, com o domínio do exercício médico e, consequentemente, aumento do número de cesáreas 1,2,14 . A falta de espaço para a prática, de demanda para cursos e de docentes foram os principais motivos para a interrupção dos cursos de especialização em Minas Gerais e em outros locais do país 15 .…”

“…No Brasil, a partir da década de 1960, a assistência ao nascimento passou a ser caracterizada pelo movimento de institucionalização hospitalar, com aumento progressivo do número de partos cirúrgicos e, consequente, medicalização do corpo feminino. Atualmente, o Brasil está entre os países com o maior número de partos cirúrgicos no mundo e os partos vaginais são marcados pelo uso excessivo de intervenções [1][2] .…”

Obstetric Nursing in Minas Gerais: Analysis of Emergence and Provenance

“…In the national context, since the mid-twentieth century, there has been an increase in the number of maternities and medical clinics, with the domain of medical exercise and, consequently, an increase in the number of cesarean sections 1,2,14 . The lack of space for practice, demand for courses and professors were the main reasons for nterruption of specialization courses in Minas Gerais and elsewhere in the country 15 .…”

“…In Brazil, since the 1960s, birth care has been characterized by the hospital institutionalization movement, with a progressive increase in the number of surgical deliveries and, consequently, medicalization of the female body. Currently, Brazil is among the countries with the highest number of surgical deliveries in the world and vaginal deliveries are marked by the excessive use of interventions [1][2] .…”