The Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders Among Dental and Medical Students in Taif, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and the impact of various contributing factors among undergraduate healthcare students in the region of Taif, Saudi Arabia. MethodsA total of 100 undergraduate students were recruited from both the College of Medicine and the College of Dentistry at Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected on demographic parameters and the Helkimo's index (anamnestic {Ai} and clinical dysfunction {Di} component) using an anonymous selfadministered questionnaire, as well as clinical examinations. ResultsA significantly high prevalence (97%) of TMDs was observed among the sampled students, with most of them (44.0%) experiencing severe symptoms that might negatively impact their quality of life. On clinical examinations, most of the students (75.0%) showed signs of mild clinical dysfunction, which might indicate an early stage of TMD. Moreover, factors that include older age, majoring in "dentistry" studies, being allergic, having oral habits, poor mental health, and previous COVID-19 infections were found to be significantly associated with TMDs. ConclusionThe findings indicate a relatively high TMD prevalence among the sampled undergraduate healthcare students, especially those studying "dentistry". Curriculum modifications, coupled with more awareness and education, are recommended to achieve early diagnosis and help in reducing the incidence of TMD among this population.