The prevalence of renal cell carcinoma: A nation‐wide survey in Japan in 1997

Abstract

Background: The present study was conducted to investigate the incidence of renal cell carcinoma by sex, age group and different regions in Japan. Methods:The survey was conducted from the beginning of January 1997 to the end of December 1997. A total of 1306 Institutions in all 47 prefectures throughout Japan were requested to register cases.Results: There were 6358 persons with renal cell carcinoma, consisting of 4372 men and 1986 women. The age-specific incidence rates showed a peak in the age group of 65-70 years in both men and women. The crude incidence rates per 100 000 population for men and women were 7.1 and 3.1, respectively, and age-standardized incidence rates per 100 000 population for men and women were 4.9 and 1.8, respectively. The incidence rates in the Hokkaido region were significantly higher than in other regions (P < 0.05), among which there was no significant difference in incidence rates. Conclusions:The present study showed that the incidence rates of renal cell carcinoma in Japan were approximately the same as among Japanese in Los Angeles. The rates were, however, lower than North American and European countries, but higher than China, Central or South American countries and African countries. The reasons for the high incidence of renal cancer in the Hokkaido region are not entirely clear. Further epidemiologic research is required.

Prevalence of renal cell carcinoma: A nation‐wide survey in Japan, 2002

“…Lifestyle and dietary habits, that is a higher prevalence of smoking, greater intake of dairy products, lesser intake of vitamin C and the highest prevalence of hypertension in Japan for Hokkaido have been discussed in the previous report. 5 It is imperative to determine whether the incidence of RCC is increasing due to changes in environmental factors and if the currently available early detection of RCC is able to decrease death from this disease. Although it is difficult to determine whether the incidence of RCC is truly rising using a simple comparison with previous surveys conducted prior to the current study, 5 there are several reports indicating recent increases in RCC incidence.…”

“…5 It is imperative to determine whether the incidence of RCC is increasing due to changes in environmental factors and if the currently available early detection of RCC is able to decrease death from this disease. Although it is difficult to determine whether the incidence of RCC is truly rising using a simple comparison with previous surveys conducted prior to the current study, 5 there are several reports indicating recent increases in RCC incidence. 1,2,15,16 These increases may be partly due to increased cancer risk resulting from an aging population, in addition to the development and increased use of improved diagnostic imaging procedures.…”

“…5 Obesity, 7,8 excessive intake of milk or dairy products, 9 meat or meat products, 7 hypertension or antihypertensive drugs 10,11 and cigarette smoking 12 are established risk factors for RCC. Vegetable consumption, 7,13 vitamin C 7 and a-tocopherol 14 have been suggested as protective factors.…”

“…4 A previous nationwide study to investigate prevalence of RCC in 1997 showed 6358 persons with a diagnosis of RCC (4372 men and 1986 women). 5 After an interval of 5 years since the previous study, the present study was conducted with the approval of the Scientific Committee of the Japanese Urological Association, to investigate the change in incidence of RCC and obtain some insight into developing strategies for treatment of RCC.…”

Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension and other Risk Factors for Renal Cell Carcinoma in Japan: A Mini-Review

“…In Japan, Satoh et al [11] reported that 38 (0.6%) out of 6201 dialysis patients [12] reported that 44 patients (1.7%) were pathologically diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma in 2,624 dialysis patients between 1993 and 2004. These incidences of kidney cancer among dialysis patients appear higher than the incidence of general population (i.e., 7.1/100,000 for males and 3.1/100,000 [36]). On the other hand, the annual nation-wide questionnaire studies between 1982 and 2004 conducted by the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy revealed that hemodialysis patients had a significantly higher risk of renal cell cancer than the general population(p<0.05) [13].…”