The prevalence of oligoclonal bands in the CSF of patients with primary neurodegenerative dementia

Janssen, John C.; Godbolt, Alison K.; Ioannidis, Panagiotis; Thompson, E. J.; Rossor, Martin N.

doi:10.1007/s00415-004-0296-4

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Likewise, Zimmermann et al [37] found intrathecal IgG synthesis in some of their AD patients without identifying a satisfying reason for the intrathecal humoral response. These findings were confirmed by Janssen et al [14] who observed positive OCB not only in AD but also in other dementias, including frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. In motor neuron diseases (MND), elevated levels of CSF total protein, Q alb , and the presence of intrathecally IgG synthesis were observed [3, 31].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Summary of cerebrospinal fluid routine parameters in neurodegenerative diseases

et al. 2010

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In neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF) is predominantly performed to exclude inflammatory diseases and to perform a risk assessment in dementive disorders by measurement of tau proteins and amyloid beta peptides. However, large scale data on basic findings of CSF routine parameters are generally lacking. The objective of the study was to define a normal reference spectrum of routine CSF parameters in neurodegenerative diseases. Routine CSF parameters (white cell count, lactate and albumin concentrations, CSF/serum quotients of albumin (Qalb), IgG, IgA, IgM, and oligoclonal IgG bands (OCB)) were retrospectively analyzed in an academic research setting. A total of 765 patients (Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD), vascular dementia (VD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multisystem atrophy (MSA), motor neuron diseases (MND), spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), Huntington’s disease (HD)) and non-demented control groups including a group of patients with muscular disorders (MD). The main outcome measures included statistical analyses of routine CSF parameters. Mildly elevated Qalb were found in a small percentage of nearly all subgroups and in a higher proportion of patients with PSP, MSA, VD, PDD, and MND. With the exception of 1 MND patient, no intrathecal Ig synthesis was observed. Isolated OCBs in CSF were sometimes found in patients with neurodegenerative diseases without elevated cell counts; lactate levels were always normal. A slightly elevated Qalb was observed in a subgroup of patients with neurodegenerative diseases and does not exclude the diagnosis. Extensive elevation of routine parameters is not characteristic and should encourage a re-evaluation of the clinical diagnosis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00415-010-5876-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Summary of cerebrospinal fluid routine parameters in neurodegenerative diseases

et al. 2010

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“…Intrathecally synthesized IgG as an indicator of an humoral immune response within the CNS occurring in 2% of our ALS population might be an unspecific alteration, which is also found in other neurodegenerative diseases in some 6-9% [19]. We suggest that intrathecal synthesis of antibodies might be a secondary event in a subgroup of ALS patients during the course of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Hypercapnia is a Possible Determinant of the Function of the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

et al. 2010

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Elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum quotients of albumin (Q(Alb)) may occur in motor neuron diseases (MND) including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying these alterations are unclear. Evidence from animal experiments suggests that the arterial carbon dioxide level might affect the Q(Alb), i.e. the function of the blood-CSF barrier (BCB). We therefore compared basic CSF parameters in different forms of MND (ALS, n = 105; lower motor neuron diseases, n = 12; and upper motor neuron diseases, n = 7) and investigated the relationship between elevated Q(Alb) and the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)) in ALS where respiratory insufficiency leads to hypercapnia in the course of the disease. Pathologic elevations of Q(Alb) occurred in 32 of 124 MND patients. In ALS, Q(Alb) significantly correlated with the arterial pCO(2) (r = 0.454; P = 0.001; n = 45). These data indicate that BCB dysfunction is a frequent finding in different forms of MND and may reflect distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. In ALS, an important underlying mechanism might be the influence of the arterial pCO(2) which may alter the CSF flow.

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“…Nine out of 20 multiple sclerosis patients had an IgG index above the designated cut-off value. Isoelectric focusing in context with clinical data appears to be a more sensitive diagnostic tool for differentiating multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative disorders [39]. A recent report by Sadaba and coworkers indicates that use of a single antibody conjugated to alkaline phosphatase provides an ultra sensitive method for detection of oligoclonal bands [40].…”

Section: Multiple Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Dementia/AD/amyloid disorders Aβ(1-42), Tau, phospho-Tau, apolipoprotein A1/E/J, α1b-glycoprotein, β2-microglobulin, RBP, TTR, kininogen, ubiquitin, β-trace, cell cycle progression 8 protein, α1-antitrypsin, α-2-HS glycoprotein, transferrin, cystatin C, VGF fragment, neuropeptide Y, 7.7 kD unknown peptide, secretogranins [18,19,22,[25][26][27] [28, [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Multiple sclerosis 2+ oligoclonal IgG bands, Tau, psoriasin, NB-1, annexin 1, EWI-2, NPC-2, SEM1, SEM2, FHR-1, PCPE, aldolase A, N-acetyllactosaminide-β-1, 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, TETN, cystatin A, SOD3, glutathione peroxidase [9,10,[37][38][39][40] PCD and cancer anti-Yo, anti-Hu, N-myc, l-CaD, α-2-HS glycoprotein [3,74,75] Schizophrenia N-CAM [80] Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease 14-3-3, cystatin C [11,56] Rhinorrhea β2 transferrin [43][44][45] Low back pain PRO2619, PEDF, kallikrein-6 precursor, albumin homolog, DJ771712.1, AMBP protein precursor [2] Moyamoya disease CRABP-1 [59] Parkinson's disease TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TGF-α, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, NGF, BDNF, NNMT [84][85][86][87][88][89][90] Stroke UFD1, UCH-L1, CATD, glutathione S-transferase P-1, DJ-1, NDKA, PPIA, PDX5, GFAP, CAYP, prostaglandin D2 synthase, S100, multiple FABPs [60][61]…”

Section: Neurologic Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CSF proteome: a protein repository for potential biomarker identification

Romeo¹,

Espina²,

Lowenthal³

et al. 2005

Expert Review of Proteomics

116

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Proteomic analysis is not limited to the analysis of serum or tissues. Synovial, peritoneal, pericardial and cerebrospinal fluid represent unique proteomes for disease diagnosis and prognosis. In particular, cerebrospinal fluid serves as a rich source of putative biomarkers that are not solely limited to neurologic disorders. Peptides, proteolytic fragments and antibodies are capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, thus providing a repository of pathologic information. Proteomic technologies such as immunoblotting, isoelectric focusing, 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry have proven useful for deciphering this unique proteome. Cerebrospinal fluid proteins are generally less abundant than their corresponding serum counterparts, necessitating the development and use of sensitive analytical techniques. This review highlights some of the promising areas of cerebrospinal fluid proteomic research and their clinical applications.

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The prevalence of oligoclonal bands in the CSF of patients with primary neurodegenerative dementia

Abstract: A central immune response can occur in primary neurodegenerative dementias, albeit uncommonly.

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Summary of cerebrospinal fluid routine parameters in neurodegenerative diseases

Summary of cerebrospinal fluid routine parameters in neurodegenerative diseases

Hypercapnia is a Possible Determinant of the Function of the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

CSF proteome: a protein repository for potential biomarker identification

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