The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Various Populations

Kolovou, Genovefa; Anagnostopoulou, Katherine K.; Salpea, Klelia D.; Mikhailidis, Dimitri P.

doi:10.1097/maj.0b013e318065c3a1

Cited by 200 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…All-cause mortality rates are higher among those with the syndrome than those without (Wang et al, 2007;Kajimoto et al, 2008). Estimates of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome vary according to the definitions used, but the majority of available publications demonstrate the high prevalence of the syndrome, in both developed and developing countries (Kolovou et al, 2007). Recent national data from Iran suggest that about 35% of adult populations are affected (Delavari et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary energy density and the metabolic syndrome among Iranian women

Esmaillzadeh

Azadbakht

2011

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background/Objectives: In a comparison of women worldwide, Iranian women were found to have the highest prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, specific characteristics of diet in Middle-Eastern countries might provide additional information on the diet-disease relations. This study was performed to assess the association between dietary energy density and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among Iranian women. Subjects/Methods: Usual dietary intakes were assessed in a cross-sectional study of 486 Iranian adult women by the use of a food frequency questionnaire. Dietary energy density was calculated as each individual's reported daily energy intake (kcal/d) into total weight of foods (excluding beverages) consumed (g/d). Anthropometric measures, fasting plasma glucose, serum lipid profiles and blood pressure were evaluated. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Results: Mean dietary energy density was 1.77±0.35 kcal/g. Individuals in the top tertile of dietary energy density had 80% (odds ratio: 1.80; 95% confidence interval: 1.17, 3.15) greater odds of having the metabolic syndrome. Even after further adjustment for body mass index, this association remained significant. Higher dietary energy density was also significantly associated with greater odds of having abdominal adiposity (4.23; 2.51, 7.18), high-serum triacylglycerol concentrations (3.55; 2.31, 5.93) and low-serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (1.80; 1.13, 2.84). No overall significant associations were found between higher dietary energy density and risk of having elevated blood pressure or abnormal glucose homeostasis. Conclusions: Higher dietary energy density was significantly associated with a greater risk of the metabolic syndrome and most of its components. Further studies are required to focus on lowering dietary energy density as a probable strategy for preventing metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary energy density and the metabolic syndrome among Iranian women

Esmaillzadeh

Azadbakht

2011

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Several studies have shown that there are differences in metabolic syndrome in different ethnic groups, gender, age, postmenopausal women and different countries (Marjani et al, 2012a, b;Marjani and Shahini, 2013;Marjani and Moghasemi, 2012;Shahini et al, 2013). It has been shown that worldwide alterations of metabolic syndrome prevalence changes from 10-84% (Kolovou et al, 2007). Some other studies revealed that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome alters worldwide from 8-24% and from 7-46.5% among men and women, respectively (Gupta et al, 2003;Ford et al, 2002;Balkau et al, 2003;Ramachandran et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Baluch Women in Chabahar

Tabari¹,

Naseri²,

Majidi³

et al. 2015

International J. of Osteoporosis and Metabolic Disorders

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Epidemiological studies have shown the importance of the metabolic syndrome. With estimation of the metabolic syndrome, it may predict cardiovascular disease, sudden death and the presence of some other cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study was to assess the metabolic syndrome among Baluch women. Our study consisted of 120 Baluch women. Baseline data of Baluch women, prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components and distribution of body mass index were determined. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-Chol.) and fasting blood glucose levels were significantly higher in the subjects with metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of HDL-cholesterol, high triglyceride, high fasting glucose levels, high waist circumference and high blood pressure were shown to be 33.3, 20.8, 12.5, 11.8 and 2.5%, respectively. HDL-cholesterol (33.3%) and high triglyceride levels (20.8%) were the most frequent characteristics of metabolic components. The prevalence of subject with normal weight, overweight and obese BMIs were 77.5, 15 and 7.5%, respectively. About 9.17, 4.17 and 4.17% of Baluch women had three, four and five criteria of metabolic syndrome components, respectively. This study reveals that there is a significant difference in the metabolic syndrome components in patients with and without metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of HDL-cholesterol and high triglyceride in Baluch women was highest. Definition of metabolic syndrome may help physicians to estimate, decrease and prevent coronary heart disease and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in subjects with metabolic syndrome.

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“…It has been reported that worldwide prevalence of metabolic syndrome changes ranged from <10% to 84%. It depends on age, region, urban or rural environment, ethnicity, and the interpretation of metabolic syndrome used [5]. A number of large prospective epidemiologic studies have been confirmed the importance of the metabolic syndrome as a predictor of vascular disease in general populations as a predictor of vascular disease [6].The metabolic syndrome has become common in the United States [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Turkmen Ethnic Groups in Gorgan

Shahini

Shahini²,

Marjani³

2013

JCDR

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Introduction: It has been estimated that the metabolic syndrome may predict cardiovascular disease and the occurrence of sudden death, independent of the presence of other cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of the present study was to assess the metabolic syndrome among Turkmen women in this area. Material and Methods:The present study consisted of 160 Turkmen women. Baseline data and prevalence of metabolic syndrome and the components of metabolic syndrome in Turkmen women were determined. Observations and Results:The prevalence of high levels of fasting glucose, low levels of high density lipoproteincholesterol, high triglyceride levels, high waist circumference and high blood pressure were shown to be 29.37%, 70.62%, 35.62%, 75% and 26.25%, respectively. It was shown that high waist circumference (75%) and Low HDL-cholesterol levels (70.62%) were the most frequent characteristics in comparison to other metabolic components. The prevalence of high waist circumference, high triglyceride levels, high levels of fasting glucose, high blood pressure and BMIs which were ≥25 were higher in subjects with metabolic syndrome (92.85%, 73.21%, 73.21%, 57.14% and 83.92%, respectively). Conclusion:Metabolic syndrome is more prevalent among Turkmen women. Our data has shown that the prevalence of abnormal waist circumference in this ethnic group was highest. The waist circumference can be used as a predictor for cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease.

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The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Various Populations

Cited by 200 publications

References 107 publications

Dietary energy density and the metabolic syndrome among Iranian women

Dietary energy density and the metabolic syndrome among Iranian women

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Baluch Women in Chabahar

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Turkmen Ethnic Groups in Gorgan

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