The Prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Infection Among Renal Transplanted Patients in Hamadan City, West of Iran

Jafari, Rasool; Gharibi, Zahra; Fallah, Mohammad

doi:10.17795/ajcmi-19570

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Cryptosporidium infection rate is very low in Hamadan region ( 18 ) and, consequently, a larger sample size and increased budgets are needed to validate the results in larger studies. The insufficient funding for sampling and purchasing the ELISA kits was our main limitation in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Fecal Antigen Detection Using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay with the Auramine Phenol Staining Method for Diagnosis of Human Cryptosporidiosis

Jafari

Maghsood

Safari

et al. 2015

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Fecal antigen detection using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and oocyst detection using auramine phenol (AP) staining methods, are told to be more sensitive compared to other conventional methods, for diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis.Objectives:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antigen-detection capacity in the stool specimens using ELISA and oocyst detection by AP staining methods, for the diagnosis of human cryptosporidiosis.Materials and Methods:A total of 228 fecal samples were collected from residents of rural areas of Hamadan, West of Iran. Each fecal sample was divided into two parts, one kept frozen at -20˚C for Ag-capture ELISA and the other in 10% formalin for the AP staining method. Cryptosporidium Ag-detection ELISA procedure was performed according to the manual of the manufacturer. The preserved samples concentrated using the formalin-ether concentration technique were stained with AP and then investigated under florescent microscopy.Results:Eight (3.5%) and three (1.3%) out of 228 fecal samples were positive for Cryptosporidium infection by ELISA and AP staining methods, respectively. Cryptosporidium Ag-detection using ELISA showed an increased frequency of the infection, compared to the AP staining method (P = 0.062).Conclusions:For epidemiological studies and diagnostic purposes of the Cryptosporidium infection, especially in asymptomatic individuals, Ag-detection ELISA is an easy to perform and accurate method, compared to other conventional microscopic methods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Fecal Antigen Detection Using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay with the Auramine Phenol Staining Method for Diagnosis of Human Cryptosporidiosis

Jafari

Maghsood

Safari

et al. 2015

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…Nowadays reports from the area shows low prevalence of some intestinal parasites such as Cryptosporidium species, which is about 0.55% in renal transplant patients and 0.87% in farmers (21,22). Another report from the Hamadan City shows relatively higher prevalence of the ascariasis (6.8%) and giardiasis (5.8%); however, that study was performed on patients with malignancies and eight years before our study (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among Rural Inhabitants of Hamadan City, Iran, 2012

Jafari¹,

Fallah²,

Darani³

et al. 2014

Avicenna J Clin Microbiol Infect

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Background:Intestinal parasitic infections, particularly in the rural areas, are one of the most important indices of the hygiene status and sanitation level of the society. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the intestinal parasitic infections among rural inhabitant of Hamadan City, Iran, 2012. Patients and Methods: A total of 228 fecal samples were collected from 50 families in seven villages that were directly and indirectly involved in raising livestock and other domestic animals in spring of 2012. The demographic data were collected by interview and included age, sex, educational level, place of keeping animals, direct or indirect contact with animals, and occupation. Fecal samples were concentrated using formol-ether sedimentation technique and examined by iodine-stained wet mount method. Indistinguishable samples were assessed by trichrome staining method. Results: Among 228 samples, 80 (35.1%) were diagnosed with parasitic infection, which separately included 43 cases of Entamoeba coli (18.9%), 32 Blastocystis hominis (14%), 16 Endolimax nana (7%), nine Iodamoeba butschlii (3.9%), five Giardia lamblia (2.2%), two Taenia species (0.9%), two Hymenolepis nana (0.9%), one Chilomastix mesnili (0.4%), one Trichuris trichiura (0.4%), and one Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (0.4%). No significant difference in infection rate was observed with regard to indirect or direct contact with livestock. Coinfection of E. coli and B. hominis, E. coli and I. butschlii, and E. nana and G. lamblia were statistically significant. Interestingly, no Ascaris lumbricoides ovum was seen in this population. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, the prevalence of some infections with intestinal parasites is high in the Hamadan City. Considering that most of the parasites are nonpathogenic, pathogenic ones have been reduced generally in comparison to the previous reports. Nevertheless, the existence of Taenia species and H. nana could not be ignored.

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“…Cryptosporidiosis has been reported in a variety of regions of Iran in diarrheic children, patients with HIV/ AIDS, renal transplant recipients, immunocompetent people and livestock (19,(26)(27)(28)(29). There are few data available about the soil contamination of urban areas with Cryptosporidium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The samples were concentrated using the sucrose floatation technique as described by Kuczynska et al (18). Microscopic slides were prepared from floating materials and stained using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen method (19).…”

Section: Parasitological Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Contamination With Oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. in Isfahan, Central Iran

Mohaghegh¹,

Jafari²,

Ghomashlooyan³

et al. 2015

Int J Enteric Pathog

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Background: Cryptosporidium, a coccidian parasite, is the causative agent of watery diarrhea in humans and animals. The disease is mostly self-limiting in immunocompetent individuals, yet severe infection can occur in children and immunocompromised patients. The parasite is mostly transmitted to humans by water, yet it can also be transmitted by soil. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine soil contamination rate of parks of Isfahan, Iran, with Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 140 soil samples from 28 public parks of 14 regions of Isfahan (central Iran) were collected during summer 2014. The soil samples were concentrated using the sucrose floatation technique, which was followed by preparation of microscopic slides. The slides were stained by the modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining method and were examined microscopically for presence of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts using 100X oil immersion objective. Results: Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were observed in 31 out of 140 soil samples (22.14%). Also, all 14 regions (100%) and 17 out of 28 public parks (60.71%) were contaminated with Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts. Conclusions: Despite the climate temperature of Isfahan city, the soli of parks were highly contaminated with Cryptosporidium spp.

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The Prevalence of Cryptosporidium Infection Among Renal Transplanted Patients in Hamadan City, West of Iran

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Comparison of Fecal Antigen Detection Using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay with the Auramine Phenol Staining Method for Diagnosis of Human Cryptosporidiosis

Comparison of Fecal Antigen Detection Using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay with the Auramine Phenol Staining Method for Diagnosis of Human Cryptosporidiosis

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among Rural Inhabitants of Hamadan City, Iran, 2012

Soil Contamination With Oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. in Isfahan, Central Iran

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