The prevalence of human papillomavirus in pediatric tonsils: A systematic review of the literature

Wojtera, Monika; Paradis, Josée; Husein, Murad; Nichols, Anthony C.; Barrett, John W.; Salvadori, M; Strychowsky, Julie E.

doi:10.1186/s40463-018-0255-1

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Our finding that all tonsils were HPV negative fits in well with other reports, as absence or low numbers of HPV‐positive cases in benign tonsillar disease have been demonstrated previously . The largest study on benign tonsillar tissue evaluated 3377 benign tonsils without detecting any HPV .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Our finding that all tonsils were HPV negative fits in well with other reports, as absence or low numbers of HPV-positive cases in benign tonsillar disease have been demonstrated previously. 26,28,[38][39][40][41][42] The largest study on benign tonsillar tissue evaluated 3377 benign tonsils without detecting any HPV. 43 These data are somewhat conflicting since a Belgian study found HPV detection rates in 12.5% (high-risk HPV) and 15% (low-risk HPV) in benign tonsillar tissue from adults and children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PapilloCheck (Greiner BioOneGmbH, Frickenhausen, Germany) is a PCR method that identifies 13 high-risk HPV types (HPV 16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59, and 68), five possibly oncogenic HPV types (HPV 53, 66, 70, 73, and 82), and six low-risk HPV types (HPV 6, 11, 40, 42, 43, and 44). PapilloCheck uses multiplex PCR with fluorescent primers to amplify DNA fragments (350 nucleotides) within the E1 open reading frame of the HPV genome.…”

Section: Hpv Detection and Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping of human papilloma virus, p16, and epstein‐barr virus in non‐malignant tonsillar disease

Holm

Schindele

Allard

et al. 2019

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Objectives Due to their location in the entrance of the aero‐digestive tract, tonsils are steadily exposed to viruses. Human papilloma virus (HPV) and Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) are two potentially oncogenic viruses that tonsils encounter. The incidence of HPV positive tonsillar cancer is on the rise and it is unknown when infection with HPV occurs. Aim To investigate if tonsils are infected with HPV and EBV, to study the co‐expression of HPV and its surrogate marker p16, and to evaluate the number of EBV positive cells in benign tonsillar disease. Materials and Methods Tonsils from 40 patients in a university hospital were removed due to hypertrophy, chronic or recurrent infection. These were analyzed for presence of HPV, its surrogate marker p16, and EBV. HPV was studied using PapilloCheck (a PCR method), while p16 was identified in epithelial and lymphoid tissue with immunohistochemistry and EBV using EBER‐ISH (Epstein‐Barr encoding region–in situ hybridization). Results HPV was not detected, and p16 was present at low numbers in all epithelial samples as well as in 92.5% of the lymphoid tonsillar samples. At least one EBER‐positive cell was seen in 65% of cases. Larger numbers of EBER‐expressing cells were only seen in two cases. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that EBV and HPV infect tonsils independently, but further studies are warranted to confirm their infectious relationship. Level of Evidence Cross‐sectional study

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hpv Detection and Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping of human papilloma virus, p16, and epstein‐barr virus in non‐malignant tonsillar disease

Holm

Schindele

Allard

et al. 2019

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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“…Conversely, the information is scarce and controversial in children. Some reports show that HPV is present in palatine tonsils in 0-21% of children, without currently demonstrating its association with childhood cancer 13,14 . Malignant neoplasms of the palatine tonsil can manifest clinically by TA, dysphagia, otalgia, and verrucous lesions 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric palatine tonsil in a pediatric patient: Is it always a malignant neoplasm?

Azamar¹,

Torre-González²,

Juárez-Villegas³

et al. 2021

BMHIM

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Background: A relatively frequent clinical finding in children is an asymmetric tonsil, which can have multiple etiological possibilities, including a malignant disease. The clinical finding of tonsillar asymmetry is found in approximately 2% of the pediatric population. The incidence of malignancy in the tonsils is low, estimated as 2.5 cases per 10,000 tonsillectomies. Due to its low incidence, the diagnostic tonsillectomy is not justified when tonsillar asymmetry is the only clinical finding. However, it is necessary to identify the critical clinical findings of high suspicion of malignancy that justify the performance of immediate surgery in the pediatric population. Case report: We present the case of a 10-year-old male patient. Four months before admission, the patient started with pharyngodynia and dysphagia, treated as recurrent tonsillitis. Due to exacerbation of the symptoms, orthopnea, and B symptoms, the patient came to consultation; tonsillar asymmetry was observed predominantly on the left side, with exophytic lesions extending to the hypopharynx. We decided to perform an incisional biopsy and tracheostomy due to compromised airway; histopathological diagnosis came back as B-cell lymphoma. Conclusions: Given the clinical scenario of recurrent tonsillitis, unresponsive to conventional medical treatment with antibiotics, tonsillar asymmetry with suspicious tonsillar appearance accompanied by symptoms such as fever, diaphoresis, cervical lymphadenopathy, obstructive symptoms in a pediatric patient, it is necessary to refer the patient to the specialist for timely diagnosis and treatment.

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“…), имеется бимодальный пик заболеваемости папилломами у детей раннего возраста и пожилых людей [1]. Основными путями инфицирования у детей является вертикальная передача от матери плоду и новорожденному, при тесном контакте, как правило, при поцелуях и сексуальных контактах [2].…”

Section: обоснованиеunclassified

Virus-associated pharynx tumors in a 16-year-old boy: the description of the clinical case

et al. 2020

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Objectives. The relationship between the development of the number of malignant tumors in children and viruses is well known. The etiological role of the EpsteinBarr virus in the development of undifferentiated nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) has been well studied. The effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) on the occurrence and development of NPC in children is not sufficiently understood. Aim. The description of the clinical case of the Epstein Barr virus and HPV infection in 16-year-old patient with the consistent development of NPC and oropharyngeal papillomatosis. Description of the clinical case. The clinical observation of the boy who was diagnosed with NPC. The full clinical effect in the form of reduction of the primary tumor and metastases in the lymph nodes of the neck was noted after chemo- and radiotherapy. 18 months after the cure according to the positron emission tomography, combined with computed tomography, with 18F-deoxyglucose we marked the accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals in the area of the left palatine and lingual tonsils. The examination revealed clinical signs of the soft palate papillomatosis. The resection of the soft palate was carried out. The morphological study confirmed squamous cell papilloma. HPV type 16 DNA was found in the papilloma. Conclusion. The accumulation of the information concerning childhood pharynx lesions caused by HPV would help to expand understanding of the most common types of the virus in the paediatric population. It would be possible to identify the groups of risk for the development of malignant tumors on the grounds of the detection HPV types of highly carcinogenic risk.

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The prevalence of human papillomavirus in pediatric tonsils: A systematic review of the literature

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Mapping of human papilloma virus, p16, and epstein‐barr virus in non‐malignant tonsillar disease

Mapping of human papilloma virus, p16, and epstein‐barr virus in non‐malignant tonsillar disease

Asymmetric palatine tonsil in a pediatric patient: Is it always a malignant neoplasm?

Virus-associated pharynx tumors in a 16-year-old boy: the description of the clinical case

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