The prevalence of heifer mastitis and its associated risk factors in Huanggang, Central China

Yang, Fuyuan; Shen, Chen; He, Bin; Yang, Yu; Gong, Dandan; Li, Xiao Shan

doi:10.1007/s11250-014-0689-z

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The current study reported coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) as the most predominant bacteria in both clinical and subclinical mastitis. These findings agree with studies from different countries globally, which have reported CNS as emerging bacteria of mastitis [ 14 , 16 , 18 , 23 , 45 , 46 ]. However, the results contrasted with finding by Gitau et al [ 3 ], Mureithi and Njuguna, [ 28 ], and Ondiek and Kemboi [ 29 ], all in Kenya who reported Staphylococcus aureus as the dominant mastitis pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle in Embu and Kajiado Counties, Kenya

Mbindyo

Gitao

Mulei

2020

Veterinary Medicine International

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Bovine mastitis continues to be a leading cause of heavy economic losses in the dairy industry and a public health hazard globally. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence, etiologies of clinical and subclinical mastitis, and associated predisposing factors in Embu and Kajiado counties in Kenya. A semistructured questionnaire was administered to 154 smallholder dairy farmers to collect data on management practices, animal factors, and disease history. A total of 395 dairy cows were initially screened for subclinical mastitis using the California mastitis test (CMT), and milk samples were aseptically collected. Both CMT positive and CMT negative samples were analyzed using conventional bacteriological isolation and identification procedures. In the present study, the overall prevalence of mastitis based on CMT and clinical examination was 80% (316/395), out of which 6.8% (27/395) was clinical mastitis, while 73.1% (289/395) was subclinical mastitis. Based on culture, the overall prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis was 51.6% (815/1580), 74.4% (294/395), and 76.6% (118/154) at the quarter, cow, and farm level, respectively. From the 1574 milk samples analyzed by cultured, 1016 bacteria were yielded. The predominant bacteria were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS), 42.8% (435/1016), and in decreasing order, Streptococcus species, 22.2% (226/1016), Staphylococcus aureus, 15.7% (160/1016), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 5.1% (52/1016), and the least was Enterobacter species, 0.7% (7/1016), while 23.7% of the sample yielded no bacterial growth. Risk factor analysis revealed that milking mastitic cows last (p=0.002), using a clean udder drying towel for each cow (p=0.033) and previous history of mastitis (p=0.046) were significantly associated with presence of mastitis. The current study has shown a relatively high prevalence of subclinical mastitis with CNS as predominant bacteria. Therefore, control measures are urgently warranted. Management factors such as milking mastitic cows last, using a clean towel for udder drying for each cow, and culling mastitic cows should be considered and included in the Kenyan mastitis control programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle in Embu and Kajiado Counties, Kenya

Mbindyo

Gitao

Mulei

2020

Veterinary Medicine International

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“…chromogenes . In keeping with these findings, CNS have been implicated in the majority of subclinical udder infections in dairy cattle in various geographical regions, including Mexico [ 29 ], Finland [ 41 , 57 ], Poland [ 54 ], Uganda [ 9 ], Ethiopia [ 60 ], Rwanda [ 34 ] and China [ 19 , 59 ]. Similar CNS species profiles have been documented in intramammary infections in Canadian dairy cattle [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Prevalence and etiology of mastitis in dairy cattle in El Oro Province, Ecuador

Amer

Gálvez

Fukuda

et al. 2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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This study described the occurrence of clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis in 250 cattle from 5 dairy farms around the cities of Santa Rosa and Machala, El Oro Province, Ecuador. Clinical mastitis (CM) was determined based on obvious changes in milk (mild), signs of inflammation in the udder (moderate), and/or generalized clinical symptoms (severe). Subclinical mastitis (SCM) was assessed using the California mastitis test. CM and SCM were detected in 30 (12.0%) and 150 (60%) of the 250 tested cattle, respectively. Prevalence at the udder quarter level was 57.7% (577/1,000), which was higher among forequarters (369/577; 63.9%) than hindquarters. Of the 577 mastitic milk samples subjected to microbiological analysis, 35 were excluded due to contamination and 20 tested negative. Identification of bacterial isolates revealed that 33.3% of the 93 CM samples contained coliforms, 25.8% coagulase-positive staphylococci, 20.4% coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), 9.7% streptococci, 7.5% Bacillus spp., and 3.2% Klebsiella spp. Bacterial profiling of the 429 SCM milk samples showed that 55.4% contained CNS, 22.1% Bacillus spp., 9.3% streptococci, and 6.1% coagulase-positive staphylococci. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of the obtained isolates indicated that all were susceptible to amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, enrofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, gentamicin, and neomycin. No multidrug-resistant strains were observed.

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“…The prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria may be an indicator of levels of antimicrobial use in livestock. Some studies have been carried out in Zambia 4 and elsewhere 5 6 but these were primarily in relation to specific diseases such as mastitis or diarrhoea. There is, however, little information on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance from the commensal flora of the wider healthy population and how this may be associated with antibiotic use and other farm management practices.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from Zambian dairy cattle across different production systems

Mainda

Bessell

Muma

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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This study focused on the use of antibiotics on small, medium and commercial-sized dairy farms in the central region of Zambia and its relationship to antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. A stratified random sample of 104 farms was studied, representing approximately 20% of all dairy farms in the region. On each farm, faecal samples were collected from a random sample of animals and a standardised questionnaire on the usage of antibiotics was completed. An E. coli isolate was obtained from 98.67% (371/376) of the sampled animals and tested for resistance to six classes of antibiotics. The estimated prevalence of resistance across the different farming systems was: tetracycline (10.61; 95%CI: 7.40–13.82), ampicillin (6.02; 95%CI: 3.31–8.73), sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim (4.49; 95%CI: 2.42–6.56), cefpodoxime (1.91; 95%CI: 0.46–3.36), gentamicin (0.89; 95%CI: 0.06–1.84) and ciprofloxacin (0%). Univariate analyses indicated certain diseases, exotic breeds, location, farm size and certain management practices as risk factors for detection of resistance, whereas multivariate analyses showed an association with lumpy skin disease and a protective effect for older animals (>25 months). This study has provided novel insights into the drivers of antibiotic use and their association with antibiotic resistance in an under-studied region of Southern Africa.

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The prevalence of heifer mastitis and its associated risk factors in Huanggang, Central China

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle in Embu and Kajiado Counties, Kenya

Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Dairy Cattle in Embu and Kajiado Counties, Kenya

Prevalence and etiology of mastitis in dairy cattle in El Oro Province, Ecuador

Prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from Zambian dairy cattle across different production systems

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