The prevalence of hazardous and harmful alcohol use across trauma-exposed occupations: A meta-analysis and meta-regression

Irizar, Patricia; Puddephatt, Jo-Anne; Gage, Suzanne H.; Fallon, Victoria; Goodwin, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108858

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Armed Forces was 34%, with a 95% CI of 18% to 52%. 5 Based on the Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health, the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in the general population of Ethiopia was 2.5% for both sexes. 18 Most research on alcohol use among military personnel is from high-income countries and may have limited applicability to military personnel of low-income nations due to context differences.…”

Section: Original Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From sub-Saharan African countries, 24% qualified for the Malawi Defence Force study16; 58.9% qualified for the Botswana Defence Force study17; nearly 35% qualified for the Angolan soldiers’ study11; and 15.8% qualified for the Republic of the Congo Armed Force study10 for hazardous alcohol use. The pooled prevalence of hazardous alcohol use from various studies of the Armed Forces was 34%, with a 95% CI of 18% to 52% 5. Based on the Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health, the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in the general population of Ethiopia was 2.5% for both sexes 18…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Male-dominated occupations, such as the military, had higher levels of hazardous and harmful alcohol use. 5 Heavy drinking increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. 6 In the military, alcohol use was associated with poorer health and social functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alcohol consumption in the military may also be influenced by societal and cultural factors 4. Male-dominated occupations, such as the military, had higher levels of hazardous and harmful alcohol use 5. Heavy drinking increases the risk of morbidity and mortality 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alcohol use and its associated factors among Ethiopian military personnel

2022

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BackgroundStudies indicate that alcohol use is more prevalent in the military and that such use is related to coping mechanisms for stress. Alcohol use could result in health and social problems. However, little is known about alcohol use in Ethiopian military personnel.ObjectiveTo assess the level of alcohol use and its associated factors in the Ethiopian military.MethodsA cross-sectional study including participants from the Ground and Air Forces of the Ethiopian National Defence Forces was conducted from February to June 2021. A representative sample of 502 military personnel from the two forces participated in the study. A structured questionnaire was developed to assess the individual level of alcohol use and its associated factors. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to identify likely problematic alcohol use (AUDIT score ≥8). Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were run to identify associated factors with alcohol consumption.ResultsApproximately half of the respondents (49.8%, 95% CI 45.4% to 54.0%) were alcohol drinkers. Of the current alcohol users, 142 (63.1 %) were infrequent users; 60 (26.7 %) were moderate drinkers; and 23 (10.2 %) were heavy drinkers. Based on the AUDIT composite score, 71 (33.0%) of male participants were classified as having a score indicative of hazardous and harmful drinking and possible alcohol dependence behaviours. After adjusting for covariates, alcohol drinking was statistically significantly associated with higher odds of being: male, younger age, part of the Ground Force, smoker and high risk-taker.ConclusionsThis study provides an initial step to addressing patterns of harmful and hazardous alcohol use in the Ethiopian National Defence Forces. Findings indicate the need to integrate alcohol abuse prevention into existing health education and behaviour change efforts of the Ethiopian National Defence Forces.

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Section: Original Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alcohol use and its associated factors among Ethiopian military personnel

2022

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“…To date, only one study has comprehensively reviewed the level of hazardous, harmful, and dependent alcohol use (characterized by tolerance, uncontrollable drinking, and physiological dependence which can result in withdrawals) or binge drinking (characterized by heavy drinking in a short space of time), across trauma-exposed occupations, which included healthcare professionals ( 12 ). This included healthcare professionals but did not consider the impact of COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazardous, harmful, and dependent alcohol use in healthcare professionals: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Halsall,

Irizar,

Burton

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundHealthcare professionals work in high-pressured and demanding environments, which has been linked to the use of alcohol as a coping strategy. This international review aimed (i) to determine the pooled prevalence of hazardous, harmful, dependent, and frequent binge drinking in healthcare professionals, and (ii) to explore factors associated with variation in these outcomes.MethodsScopus, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched from 2003 to 17th November 2022, for studies reporting a prevalence estimate for any outcome among healthcare professionals. Random-effects meta-analyses determined pooled prevalence estimates. Sub-group analyses were conducted, stratifying the meta-analyses by pandemic period vs pre-pandemic period. Meta-regressions explored factors that were associated with variation in the outcomes. PROSPERO (CRD42020173119).ResultsAfter screening 9,108 records, 64 studies were identified as eligible. The pooled prevalence was 19.98% [95% Confidence Intervals [CI]: 16.05–24.23%] for hazardous alcohol use (K = 52), 3.17% [95% CI: 0.95–6.58%] for harmful drinking (K = 8), 14.59% [95% CI: 7.16–25.05%] for dependent drinking (K = 7), and 17.71% [95% CI: 8.34–29.63%] for frequent binge drinking (K = 11). The prevalence of hazardous drinking was greater during the pandemic (28.19%) compared with pre-pandemic estimates (17.95%), though this was not statistically significant (p = 0.049). Studies including all hospital staff (32.04%) showed higher prevalence estimates for hazardous drinking compared with studies of doctors (16.78%) and nurses (27.02%).ConclusionApproximately one fifth of healthcare professionals drink to hazardous levels, with higher prevalence estimates observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. It may be that healthcare professionals used alcohol to cope with the additional trauma and stressors. Further research is needed to investigate whether this is sustained in the post-pandemic period.

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Measuring Wellbeing

Hesketh

Cooper

2023

Law Enforcement, Leadership and Wellbeing

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The prevalence of hazardous and harmful alcohol use across trauma-exposed occupations: A meta-analysis and meta-regression

Cited by 10 publications

References 105 publications

Alcohol use and its associated factors among Ethiopian military personnel

Alcohol use and its associated factors among Ethiopian military personnel

Hazardous, harmful, and dependent alcohol use in healthcare professionals: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Measuring Wellbeing

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