The prevalence of enterococci in the human mouth and their pathogenicity in animal models

Gold, Olga; Jordan, H.V.; Houte, J. van

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(75)90236-8

Cited by 173 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Up to 90% of enterococcal infections in humans are caused by Enterococcus faecalis (2). Data on oral prevalence of E. faecalis vary widely in different studies (3)(4)(5)(6). The presence of E. faecalis in the oral cavity raises the question of whether the mouth could be a source for infection with this microorganism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it seems conceivable that the oral status influences, directly or indirectly, the colonization by E. faecalis. For instance, enterococci were detected in samples from multiple oral sites in 60% of school children with high caries activity and 75% of patients with endodontic infection (4). More recently, Sedgley et al (7) reported the presence of E. faecalis in 29% of oral rinse samples, 55% of tongue dorsum and 22% of gingival sulcus samples from 41 endodontic subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Enterococcus Faecalis in subgingival biofilm of patients with chronic refractory periodontitis

Balaei-Gajan

Shirmohammadi²,

Abashov³

et al. 2010

Med Oral

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Objectives: Refractory periodontitis is the occurrence of additional clinical attachment loss after repeated attempts to control the infection with conventional periodontal therapy. Some microorganisms seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic refractory periodontitis. The prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis in the oral cavity seems to be higher in individuals with periodontitis. Therefore, the present study investigated the presence of E. faecalis in subgingival biofilm of patients with chronic refractory periodontal disease. Study design: Periodontal treatment was instituted for 100 patients suffering from chronic periodontitis. Then samples were obtained from 27 successfully treated and 27 chronic refractory periodontitis subjects and then cultured. Statistical evaluation was performed for descriptive purposes. Results: 27% of the patients had chronic refractory periodontitis. The difference in the presence of E. faecalis in the pockets between the successfully treated (11.1%) and chronic refractory (51.8%) groups by culture methods was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Data showed that E. faecalis is probably involved in the pathogenesis of refractory periodontitis. Accurate knowledge about the pathogen and its role in the pathogenesis of refractory infections helps develop effective treating strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Enterococcus Faecalis in subgingival biofilm of patients with chronic refractory periodontitis

Balaei-Gajan

Shirmohammadi²,

Abashov³

et al. 2010

Med Oral

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“…These results suggest that, whereas Esp is important in biofilm formation, additional determinants in E. faecalis may also contribute to biofilm formation (36). Moreover, recent studies (20) demonstrated that an esp-negative strain, OG1RF, originally derived from the oral cavity (14), can form biofilms on abiotic surfaces independently of Esp.…”

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confidence: 97%

Enterococcal Surface Protein, Esp, Enhances Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis

Tendolkar¹,

Baghdayan²,

et al. 2004

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Enterococci play a dual role in human ecology. They serve as commensal organisms of the gastrointestinal tract and are also leading causes of multiple antibiotic-resistant hospital-acquired infection. Many nosocomial infections result from the ability of microorganisms to form biofilms. The molecular mechanisms involved in enterococcal biofilm formation are only now beginning to be understood. Enterococcal surface protein, Esp, has been reported to contribute to biofilm formation by Enterococcus faecalis. Recent studies have shown that enterococci form biofilms independently of Esp expression. To precisely determine what role Esp plays in E. faecalis biofilm formation, Esp was expressed on the cell surface of genetically well-defined, natively Espdeficient strains, and isogenic Esp-positive and Esp-deficient strains were compared for their biofilm-forming ability. The results show that Esp expression leads to a significant increase in biofilm formation, irrespective of the strain tested. The contribution of Esp to biofilm formation was found to be most pronounced in the presence of 0.5% (wt/vol) or greater glucose. These results unambiguously define Esp as a key contributor to the ability of E. faecalis to form biofilms.

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“…have been isolated from necrotic pulp chambers (39). Gelatinase enzyme has been isolated from Enterococcus faecalis (40), a bacterium that is commonly associated with persistent endodontic infections. The production of collagen degrading enzymes is a virulence factor that may provide amino acids for bacterial growth and facilitate the spread of bacteria (21).…”

Section: Sources Of Collagenasementioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Chitosan Nanoparticles and Photodynamic Therapy Inhibit Collagen Degradation In Vitro

Persadmehr

Torneck

Cvitkovitch

et al. 2014

Journal of Endodontics

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This study evaluated the ability of photodynamic therapy (PDT), chitosan nanoparticles (CSnp), or their combination, to inhibit bacterial collagenase-mediated degradation of collagen. Rat type 1 fibrillar collagen matrices were untreated or treated with 2.5% glutaraldehyde (GD), 2.5% GD followed by 1% CSnp, 1% CSnp, PDT, or 1% CSnp followed by PDT. Samples, except untreated controls, were exposed to Clostridium histolyticum collagenase. The soluble digestion products were assessed by hydroxyproline assay and the remaining adherent collagen was quantified by picrosirius red (PSR) staining. Collagen treated with CSnp, PDT, or a combination of CSnp and PDT, exhibited less degradation than controls. The abundance of post-treatment residual collagen correlated with the extent of degradation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis showed that PDT treatment enhanced collagen cross-linking.Immunoblotting of sedimented CSnp indicated that CSnp and collagenase bound with low affinity. However, CSnp-bound collagenase showed a significant reduction in collagenolytic activity compared with controls.III

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The prevalence of enterococci in the human mouth and their pathogenicity in animal models

Cited by 173 publications

References 10 publications

Detection of Enterococcus Faecalis in subgingival biofilm of patients with chronic refractory periodontitis

Detection of Enterococcus Faecalis in subgingival biofilm of patients with chronic refractory periodontitis

Enterococcal Surface Protein, Esp, Enhances Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis

Bioactive Chitosan Nanoparticles and Photodynamic Therapy Inhibit Collagen Degradation In Vitro

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