The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in adult patients with insulin dependent &lt;i&gt;diabetes mellitus&lt;/i&gt; attending Parirenyatwa Diabetic Clinic, Harare.

Mafundikwa, A; Ndhlovu, C E; Gomo, Zvenyika A. R.

doi:10.4314/cajm.v53i1-4.62599

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The rates of overt proteinuria found in this study were higher than those observed in other similar studies in sub-Saharan Africa [ 2 – 4 ]. Another study done in a different tertiary hospital in Dar es Salaam Tanzania found the overall prevalence of microalbuminuria to be 10.7 % and macroalbuminuria to be 4.9 %.…”

Section: Correspondencecontrasting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in diabetic adult out-patients in Tanzania

Mpondo

Ernest

2016

BMC Nephrol

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Despite the increasing number of patients with Diabetes Mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa, the magnitude of chronic kidney disease among diabetics has not been well established. A study done by Janmohamed et al. found chronic kidney disease in 83.7 % of diabetics which is relatively higher than the prevalence reported elsewhere. However this study was conducted in schistosoma endemic area along the shores of Lake Victoria. Schistosomiasis has been reported to cause a range of renal diseases. Interpretation of these findings should therefore take into account the possibility of schistosomiasis as a possible confounder.

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Section: Correspondencecontrasting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in diabetic adult out-patients in Tanzania

Mpondo

Ernest

2016

BMC Nephrol

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“… 7 In this study, we report a higher prevalence of nephropathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients compared with the prevalence in 2005 in the same study setting. 8 We also observed equally high prevalence of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and when all the patients were combined (type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients). The lower prevalence of diabetic nephropathy reported in 2005 in Zimbabwe could be due to exclusion of patients who had been diagnosed with renal disease, hypertension, and cardiac failure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The lower prevalence of diabetic nephropathy reported in 2005 in Zimbabwe could be due to exclusion of patients who had been diagnosed with renal disease, hypertension, and cardiac failure. 8 In the present study, all diabetes patients attending the outpatient clinic at Parirenyatwa were eligible. The prevalence of nephropathy in our study is just over half of that reported in Bugando Medical Center, Mwanza, Tanzania (2011–2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 , 12 Nephropathy was defined as moderately increased albuminuria and severely increased albuminuria. 8 Creatinine clearance is a marker of GFR, and was defined as normal or high (≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), mildly decreased (60 to < 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), mildly to moderately decreased (45 to < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), moderately to severely decreased (30 to < 45 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), severely decreased (15 to < 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), and kidney failure (< 15 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ). 3…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overt proteinuria was reported in 21% of the patients and microalbuminuria in 12% of the patients. 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Nephropathy in Diabetic Patients Attending an Outpatient Clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe

Machingura

Chikwasha

Okwanga

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. There is limited information on the burden of diabetic nephropathy in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with nephropathy among diabetic patients attending an outpatient clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe. In an analytical cross-sectional study, diabetic patients were consecutively enrolled and a questionnaire administered, clinical assessment conducted, and blood samples collected for human immunodeficiency virus testing and measurement of lipids, creatinine, fructosamine, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Urine samples were collected for determination of albumin and creatinine levels, which were used to categorize albuminuria. A total of 344 diabetic patients were enrolled. Overall, just over a third (35.8%) of patients had moderately increased albuminuria and 9.0% had severely increased albuminuria giving an overall prevalence of nephropathy of 44.8%. Prevalence of moderately increased albuminuria was slightly higher (36.5% versus 33.3%) and severely increased albuminuria slightly lower (8.8% versus 9.5%) in type 2 than type 1 diabetes patients, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.866). Higher fructosamine and retinopathy were associated with nephropathy in both univariate and multivariate analysis {higher fructosamine (odds ratio [OR] = 1.00, confidence interval [CI] = 1.00-1.01), and retinopathy (OR = 2.80, CI = 1.64-4.97)}. We report a higher prevalence of moderately increased albuminuria and a lower prevalence of severely increased albuminuria compared with findings reported a decade ago among type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending the same clinic. High fructosamine and retinopathy were independent predictors of nephropathy.

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Prevalence and burden of chronic kidney disease among the general population and high-risk groups in Africa: a systematic review

et al. 2018

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ObjectivesWhile increasing attention is paid to the rising prevalence of chronic diseases in Africa, there is little focus on chronic kidney disease (CKD). This systematic review assesses CKD burden among the general population and high-risk groups on the entire African continent.Design, setting and participantsWe searched Medline and PubMed databases for articles published between 1 January 1995 and 7 April 2017 by sensitive search strategies focusing on CKD surveys at the community level and high-risk groups. In total, 7918 references were evaluated, of which 7766 articles were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Thus, 152 studies were included in the final analysis.Outcome measurementThe prevalence of CKD in each study group was expressed as a range and pooled prevalence rate of CKD was calculated as a point estimate and 95% CI. No meta-analysis was done. Data were presented for different populations.ResultsIn the community-level studies, based on available medium-quality and high-quality studies, the prevalence of CKD ranged from 2% to 41% (pooled prevalence: 10.1%; 95% CI 9.8% to 10.5%). The prevalence of CKD in the high-risk groups ranged from 1% to 46% (pooled prevalence: 5.6%; 95% CI 5.4% to 5.8%) in patients with HIV (based on available medium-quality and high-quality studies), 11%–90% (pooled prevalence: 24.7%; 95% CI 23.6% to 25.7%) in patients with diabetes (based on all available studies which are of low quality except four of medium quality) and 13%–51% (pooled prevalence: 34.5%; 95 % CI 34.04% to 36%) in patients with hypertension (based on all available studies which are of low quality except two of medium quality).ConclusionIn Africa, CKD is a public health problem, mainly attributed to high-risk conditions as hypertension and diabetes. The poor data quality restricts the validity of the findings and draws the attention to the importance of designing future robust studies.

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The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in adult patients with insulin dependent <i>diabetes mellitus</i> attending Parirenyatwa Diabetic Clinic, Harare.

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in diabetic adult out-patients in Tanzania

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in diabetic adult out-patients in Tanzania

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Nephropathy in Diabetic Patients Attending an Outpatient Clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe

Prevalence and burden of chronic kidney disease among the general population and high-risk groups in Africa: a systematic review

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