The prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and obesity among immigrants from East Africa and the former Soviet Union: a retrospective comparative 30-year cohort study

Reuven, Yonatan; Dreiher, Jacob; Shvartzman, Pesach

doi:10.1186/s12933-016-0392-7

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In fact, Ethiopian women with GDM had significantly lower body weight compared to reference and Arab women with GDM. The higher risk of GDM among Ethiopian women is in line with recent studies showing high risk of adult-onset DM among Ethiopian Jews younger than 50 years of age, particularly women [15,16,19]. In our study, Arab ethnicity was not found to be significantly associated with a greater risk of GDM, although Arab women had higher prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes compared to non-Ethiopian Jewish women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Gestational diabetes risk in a multi-ethnic population

et al. 2019

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Aims To compare gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk among two ethnic minority groups, with high type-2 diabetes (T2DM) prevalence, as compared to the Jewish population majority group. Methods A historical cohort study was conducted using clinical data collected between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2011. The study sample included 20-45-year-old women; 2938 Ethiopian, 5849 Arab and 5156 non-Ethiopian Jewish women. GDM was defined according to the two-step strategy: step 1: glucose ≥ 140 mg/dl and step 2: using Coustan and Carpenter's diagnostic criteria. GDM risk was tested in a multivariable model, adjusted for age, parity and pre-gestational values of the metabolic syndrome components. Results Mean body mass index (BMI) values and morbid obesity rates were lowest among Ethiopian women and highest among Arab women. The prevalence of pre-gestational diabetes was significantly higher among Ethiopian (2.7%) and Arab (4.1%) women than among non-Ethiopian Jewish women (1.6%), and GDM screening rates were relatively high (85.5%, 87.2% and 83%, respectively). The proportion of pregnancies complicated with GDM was higher among Ethiopian women (4.3%) but not significantly different between Arab (2.9%) and non-Ethiopian Jewish (2.2%) women. In multivariable analysis, GDM was associated with Ethiopian ancestry (OR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.60-4.08), adjusted for age, BMI, plasma triglyceride level and parity. Arab ethnicity was not significantly associated with GDM risk in multivariable analysis. Conclusions Both Ethiopian and Arab minority ethnicities have a higher risk of T2DM in comparison with other Israeli women, but only Ethiopian origin is an independent risk factor for GDM while Arab ethnicity is not.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…On arrival to Israel, the prevalence of DM among Ethiopian Jews was less than 1% [14] and increased rapidly thereafter. Recent studies reported higher prevalence of DM among Ethiopian Jewish women at reproductive age and lower prevalence of obesity compared to the majority group of non-Ethiopian Jewish women in Israel [15,16].…”

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confidence: 97%

Gestational diabetes risk in a multi-ethnic population

et al. 2019

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“…Indeed, favorable trends in the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cigarette smoking have been observed in Western countries [18, 19]. However, the evidence from Western populations cannot simply be extrapolated to Asian populations because there are ethnic differences in both the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with diabetes [31]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved trends in cardiovascular complications among subjects with type 2 diabetes in Korea: a nationwide study (2006–2013)

Jung

Chung

Han

et al. 2017

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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BackgroundRepresentative data on the secular trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) are limited in Asian populations with diabetes. We aimed to estimate the temporal trends in cardiovascular complications using Korean nationwide whole population-based claims data in subjects with and without diabetes.MethodsType 2 diabetes was defined as a current medication history of anti-diabetic drugs and the presence of International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes (E11–E14) as diagnosis. We compared the 8-year rates of six cardiovascular complications [i.e., ischemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)] in Korean adults aged 30 years and older using data from four consecutive nationwide databases (2006–2007, 2008–2009, 2010–2011, and 2012–2013) of Korean national health insurance service.ResultsA total of 1,645,348, 1,971,559, 2,291,247, and 2,562,612 subjects with type 2 diabetes were found in the year of 2006–2007, 2008–2009, 2010–2011, and 2012–2013, respectively. Age and gender standardized rates of the six predefined cardiovascular complications decreased in Korean adults with type 2 diabetes during the study period. The greatest relative reductions were observed for hospitalization due to AMI (−37.28%), followed by hospitalizations due to ischemic stroke (−36.98%). In the overall population without type 2 diabetes, the greatest relative reductions were observed for hospitalization for hemorrhagic stroke (−29.47%), followed by hospitalization due to ischemic stroke (−28.92%). Relative decreases in all six predefined cardiovascular complications were generally more profound in adults with diabetes than in those without diabetes, which led to significant decrease in the relative risks of all six cardiovascular complications in subjects with diabetes over the past 8 years. However, people with diabetes still had a two- to sixfold higher risk of hospitalization for major CVD events and interventions than people without diabetes.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a significant reduction in the rate of people affected by CVD within the diabetic population. However, as the number of people with diabetes rises, the absolute burden of CVD will still be high in Korea.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12933-016-0482-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The low prevalence rates of fasting hyperglycemia are also related to a low prevalence of 2 other traditional hepatic risk markers for diabetes (fasting hypertriglyceridemia and increased hepatic fat content) across Black populations around the world (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The presence of these 3 risk factors predicts a faster decline in glucose tolerance, especially among individuals of European ancestry (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluconeogenesis and risk for fasting hyperglycemia in Black and White women

Chung¹,

Courville²,

Onuzuruike³

et al. 2018

JCI Insight

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Black women, compared with White women, have high rates of whole-body insulin resistance but a lower prevalence of fasting hyperglycemia and hepatic steatosis. This dissociation of whole-body insulin resistance from fasting hyperglycemia may be explained by racial differences in gluconeogenesis, hepatic fat, or tissue-specific insulin sensitivity. Two groups of premenopausal federally employed women, without diabetes were studied. Using stable isotope tracers, [2H2O] and [6,62-H2]glucose, basal glucose production was partitioned into its components (gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis) and basal whole-body lipolysis ([2H5]glycerol) was measured. Indices of insulin sensitivity, whole-body (SI), hepatic (HISIGPR), and adipose tissue, were calculated. Hepatic fat was measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Black women had less hepatic fat and lower fractional and absolute gluconeogenesis. Whole-body SI, HISIGPR, and adipose tissue sensitivity were similar by race, but at any given level of whole-body SI, Black women had higher HISIGPR. Therefore, fasting hyperglycemia may be a less common early pathological feature of prediabetes in Black women compared with White women, because gluconeogenesis remains lower despite similar whole-body SI.

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The prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and obesity among immigrants from East Africa and the former Soviet Union: a retrospective comparative 30-year cohort study

Cited by 29 publications

References 37 publications

Gestational diabetes risk in a multi-ethnic population

Gestational diabetes risk in a multi-ethnic population

Improved trends in cardiovascular complications among subjects with type 2 diabetes in Korea: a nationwide study (2006–2013)

Gluconeogenesis and risk for fasting hyperglycemia in Black and White women

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