The Prevalence of Cercariae from Stagnicola emarginata (Lymnaeidae) over 50 Years in Northern Michigan

Keas, Brian E.; Blankespoor, Harvey D.

doi:10.2307/3284427

Cited by 42 publications

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“…They suggested that this resulted from a reduction in the number of vertebrates. Similar reasons, following human impacts on lakes, were proposed by Keas and Blankespoor (1997) to explain a decrease in digenean infections of S. emarginata in Michigan lakes over a period of 50 years. During this time, the prevalence declined from 61% to 13% and the species richness from 16 to 8 species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Prevalence of cercariae from Lymnaea stagnalis snails in a pond system in Southern Germany

Loy

Haas

2001

Parasitology Research

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Lymnaea stagnalis snails were collected from 174 individual ponds of an extensive pond system in South Germany; 43,441 snails collected during 1980 2000 were examined for shedding cercariae. The species richness (at least 18 species of cercariae) and the high cercarial prevalence (at least 44.9%) may result from the high abundance and diversity of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts in the area. The mean prevalence (% +/- SEM) of most cercarial species increased from May-June to August-October, e.g. in Diplostomum spathaceum from 4.1% to 18.6%, in all echinostomatids from 5.6% to 18.0%, in Pseudechinoparyphium echinatum from 3.0% to 11.2%, in Xiphidiocercariae from 2.2% to 13.4%, and the overall prevalence shifted from 13.7% to 53.5%. There was no change in the prevalence of the different cercarial species over the last 20 years. The agents of cercarial dermatitis showed a constant low prevalence, 0.17% in Trichobilharzia ocellata (43,441 L. stagnalis examined) and 0.24% in other Trichobilharzia species (4,245 Radix examined). Such low prevalences seem to be normal in areas where cercarial dermatitis occurs in humans.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Prevalence of cercariae from Lymnaea stagnalis snails in a pond system in Southern Germany

Loy

Haas

2001

Parasitology Research

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“…This is not surprising as such studies are difficult; the natural hosts are often unknown, many species may have to be tested, and it is often difficult to obtain representatives of the expected natural hosts. Also, even if such experiments have been done, the morphological descriptions may lack precision or be compromised by the worms' developmental plasticity, and the local habitats and ecological conditions may have changed dramatically (Hsu and Hsu, 1957;Kinsella, 1971;Keas and Blankespoor, 1997). Thus, we end up with many tantalizing and often fuzzy dots that remain unconnected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Approach to Revealing Blood Fluke Life Cycles, Taxonomy, and Diversity: Provision of Key Reference Data Including Dna Sequence From Single Life Cycle Stages

Brant¹,

Morgan

Mkoji

et al. 2006

Journal of Parasitology

101

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Revealing diversity among extant blood flukes, and the patterns of relationships among them, has been hindered by the difficulty of determining if specimens described from different life cycle stages, hosts, geographic localities, and times represent the same or different species. Persistent collection of all available life cycle stages and provision of exact collection localities, host identification, reference DNA sequences for the parasite, and voucher specimens eventually will provide the framework needed to piece together individual life cycles and facilitate reconciliation with classical taxonomic descriptions, including those based on single life cycle stages. It also provides a means to document unique or rare species that might only ever be recovered from a single life cycle stage. With an emphasis on the value of new information from field collections of any available life cycle stages, here we provide data for several blood fluke cercariae from freshwater snails from Kenya, Uganda, and Australia. Similar data are provided for adult worms of Macrobilharzia macrobilharzia and miracidia of Bivitellobilharzia nairi. Some schistosome and sanguinicolid cercariae that we recovered have peculiar morphological features, and our phylogenetic analyses (18S and 28S rDNA and mtDNA CO1) suggest that 2 of the new schistosome specimens likely represent previously unknown lineages. Our results also provide new insights into 2 of the 4 remaining schistosome genera yet to be extensively characterized with respect to their position in molecular phylogenies, Macrobilharzia and Bivitellobilharzia. The accessibility of each life cycle stage is likely to vary dramatically from one parasite species to the next, and our examples validate the potential usefulness of information gleaned from even one such stage, whatever it might be.The Schistosomatidae is one of the best known of parasite families, yet even within this group much remains to be learned about global species diversity, biogeography, patterns of vertebrate and snail host usage, and evolutionary relationships. Our knowledge of schistosome origins and diversification also will be improved by better understanding the diversity inherent in closely-related digenean families, including the 2 other families of blood flukes (the Spirorchiidae of turtles and the Sanguinicolidae of fishes), and the Clinostomidae. Blood fluke systematics, particularly of schistosomes, has received considerable attention in the last several years (e.g., Carmichael, 1984;Rollinson et al., 1997;Snyder and Loker, 2000;Attwood et al., 2002;Lockyer et al., 2003;Morgan et al., 2003; Agatsuma et al., 2004). These studies have examined morphology, DNA sequence diversity, and patterns of host use. The molecular studies, in particular, have yielded intriguing new hypotheses that delineate the broad patterns of relationships within the family and have provided an invaluable framework to examine overall schistosome and blood fluke diversity.One of the long-standing impediments to assessing diversi...

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“…However, a complex survey of trematode communities in molluscs in Southeast Germany is missing, although the molluscs and their parasites are useful bioindicators of environmental changes in aquatic ecosystems over time (Keas and Blankespoor 1997). A high diversity of larval trematodes in biotopes indicates a good state of the environment because life cycles of trematodes can be successfully completed, particularly in undisturbed ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larval trematodes in freshwater molluscs from the Elbe to Danube rivers (Southeast Germany): before and today

Faltýnková

Haas

2006

Parasitol Res

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Studies on life cycles of trematodes have a long tradition in Germany; (Odening 1978) listed a total of 177 trematodes, which can potentially complete their life cycles in German inland waters. However, almost no recent data on the occurrence of larval stages in molluscs are available. Therefore, a survey of trematodes in Southeast Germany was carried out in 2004. A total of 31 species of ten families (29 species of cercariae, seven species of metacercariae, and five species found of both) were found in 311 (4.9%) molluscs of 15 species. The dominant cercariae were Plagiorchis elegans, Echinoparyphium aconiatum, Opisthioglyphe ranae, and Diplostomum pseudospathaceum. Echinoparyphium pseudorecurvatum is reported, for the first time, under its valid scientific name from Germany. In previous studies from the same region, 88 species of cercariae of 16 families were found in 19 species of molluscs (52 cercariae with valid names and 36 not identified to species level). It is proposed that there is still a very similar spectrum of the most common species of cercariae typical for Central Europe as found 20, but also 100-150 years ago.

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The Prevalence of Cercariae from Stagnicola emarginata (Lymnaeidae) over 50 Years in Northern Michigan

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of cercariae from Lymnaea stagnalis snails in a pond system in Southern Germany

Prevalence of cercariae from Lymnaea stagnalis snails in a pond system in Southern Germany

An Approach to Revealing Blood Fluke Life Cycles, Taxonomy, and Diversity: Provision of Key Reference Data Including Dna Sequence From Single Life Cycle Stages

Larval trematodes in freshwater molluscs from the Elbe to Danube rivers (Southeast Germany): before and today

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