The Prevalence of a Clinically Silent Nephrolithiasis in Baghdad Population: An Initial Ultrasound Screening Study From Iraq

Abstract

Abstract- Asymptomatic or clinically silent kidney stones are possibly serious because, in their expected passage, they may cause infection, obstruction and renal impairment. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of silent kidney stones in a sample of Baghdad population and consider how this value could affect the justification for a screening system. To our best knowledge, this is the first study of its kind conducted in Iraq. We investigated 714 consecutive patients who sustained an abdominal ultrasound at our hospital with further kidney screening. All these patients did not have clinical signs and symptoms of nephrolithiasis. Age, sex, the indication for ultrasound, the size, side, and the number of the discovered stones were recorded. We observed silent kidney stones in 3.4% of patients. Males were stone carriers mostly. Stones were detected more in the left kidney than the right. Distinctly, multiple stones and stones of a large size were minimally seen. We conclude that the prevalence of clinically silent nephrolithiasis of 3.4% does not support a global screening. Yet, this screening may be justified in a limited pattern for those male subjects higher than 50 years, having a positive family history of renal stones, and their socioeconomic status is granted.

Frequency of Renal Lithiasis among Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Public Sector Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan.

“…18 However, the average age in our study was less than that observed in Karachi was 44 years, Kuwait was 41.91 years and Thailand was 40.3 years. 19,20 Most common presenting complaint was left flank pain followed by bilateral Similar pattern was observed in studies done in Kuwait, the USA, and Karachi. 20 Modification in urinary PH additionally plays an imperative part in the combination of kidney calculus, on the grounds that in specific calculi, PH is.…”

To compare the efficiencies of shock waves extracorporeal lithotripsies (ESWL) versus ureterorenoscopy (URS) to remove proximate ureteric stones

“…The researcher compared ESWL to semirigid URS for proximal ureteral stones. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is widely used to treat 10-mm proximal ureteral stones due to its low complication rate and noninvasiveness [3] . ESWL retreats more often and takes longer to eliminate stones.…”