The prevalence and subjective handicap of epilepsy in Ilie — A rural riverine community in South West Nigeria: A door-to-door survey

Mustapha, A F; Preux, Pierre‐Marie; Sanya, E O; Akinleye, C.A.

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.06.016

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Nonetheless, we provided below prevalence estimates from other community-based studies conducted in resource-poor settings using the two-step approach. In our study sample, the unadjusted prevalence of epilepsy was higher than that of 1.6% (95%CI: 1.2%;2.0%), 1.1% (95%CI: 0.9%; 1.4%) and 0.5% (95%CI: 0.2%;0.8%) found in Benin, Tanzania and Nigeria, respectively [7,15,39]. Our estimate was also higher than that of 0.6% (95%CI: 0.5%;0.7%) found in Cambodia where a screening questionnaire similar to ours was used [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso

et al. 2019

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BackgroundEpilepsy and progressively worsening severe chronic headaches (WSCH) are the two most common clinical manifestations of neurocysticercosis, a form of cysticercosis. Most community-based studies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) use a two-step approach (questionnaire and confirmation) to estimate the prevalence of these neurological disorders and neurocysticercosis. Few validate the questionnaire in the field or account for the imperfect nature of the screening questionnaire and the fact that only those who screen positive have the opportunity to be confirmed. This study aims to obtain community-based validity estimates of a screening questionnaire, and to assess the impact of verification bias and misclassification error on prevalence estimates of epilepsy and WSCH.Methodology/Principal findingsBaseline screening questionnaire followed by neurological examination data from a cluster randomized controlled trial collected between February 2011 and January 2012 were used. Bayesian latent-class models were applied to obtain verification bias adjusted validity estimates for the screening questionnaire. These models were also used to compare the adjusted prevalence estimates of epilepsy and WSCH to those directly obtained from the data (i.e. unadjusted prevalence estimates). Different priors were used and their corresponding posterior inference was compared for both WSCH and epilepsy. Screening data were available for 4768 individuals. For epilepsy, posterior estimates for the sensitivity varied with the priors used but remained robust for the specificity, with the highest estimates at 66.1% (95%BCI: 56.4%;75.3%) for sensitivity and 88.9% (88.0%;89.8%) for specificity. For WSCH, the sensitivity and specificity estimates remained robust, with the highest at 59.6% (49.7%;69.1%) and 88.6% (87.6%;89.6%), respectively. The unadjusted prevalence estimates were consistently lower than the adjusted prevalence estimates for both epilepsy and WSCH.Conclusions/SignificanceThis study demonstrates that in some settings, the prevalence of epilepsy and WSCH can be considerably underestimated when using the two-step approach. We provide an analytic solution to obtain more valid prevalence estimates of these neurological disorders, although more community-based validity studies are needed to reduce the uncertainty of the estimates. Valid estimates of these two neurological disorders are essential to obtain accurate burden values for neglected tropical diseases such as neurocysticercosis that manifest as epilepsy or WSCH.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03095339.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso

et al. 2019

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“…Twenty‐three community‐based studies 3,7,8,23‐43 satisfied the criteria for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. The main characteristics of the studies selected for the final analysis are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epilepsy treatment gap in Sub‐Saharan Africa: Meta‐analysis of community‐based studies

Owolabi

Adamu

et al. 2020

Acta Neurol Scand

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Objective To evaluate the prevalence, highlight the variation and determine the trend over time, of epilepsy treatment gap (ETG) in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, ISI databases, and African Journal Online (AJOL). We determined the pooled prevalence estimate of ETG and the degree of heterogeneity in the region. Further subgroup analysis by sub‐region, settlement setting, and cutoff adopted for active epilepsy in the studies was carried out. Meta‐regression technique was also used to determine the trend of the ETG magnitude over time. Results Twenty‐three studies from SSA met the inclusion criteria. We found a high level of discordance among the studies that were included. Collectively, the estimated ETG was 68.5% (95% CI: 59.5%‐77.5%). On subgroup analysis, the prevalence of the ETG was 67% (95% CI: 52%, 83%) in the Western, 68% (95% CI: 56%, 80%) in the Eastern, and 63% (95% CI: 53%, 73%) in the Southern Africa sub‐regions. On stratified analysis based on 1‐year, 5‐year, and 2‐year cutoffs for definition of active epilepsy, the prevalence figures for the ETG were 71% (95% CI: 56%, 85%), 55% (95% CI: 33%, 77%), and 57% (95% CI: 43%, 71%), respectively. Meta‐regression result suggested that the prevalence of the ETG decreases by approximately by 0.006 per year. Conclusion The study showed a high prevalence of ETG, higher than the average for resource poor countries, and twice in rural compared with urban settlements in SSA.

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“…Our results support this notion; the expression levels of SGR2 showed significant changes, but the expression levels of SGR1 were low. The phytohormone ethylene and jasmonic acid could affect the chlorophyll degradation pathway; they could increase the expression of Chl catabolic genes ( Fang et al, 2020 ; Lv et al, 2020 ). Compared to the green pod mutant, the expression levels of chlorophyll degradation genes in the wild type was earlier and higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Chlorophyll Degradation Triggers the Pod Degreening of “Golden Hook,” a Special Ecotype in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Zhu

et al. 2020

Front. Genet.

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To reveal genetic factors or pathways involved in the pod degreening, we performed transcriptome and metabolome analyses using a yellow pod cultivar of the common bean “golden hook” ecotype and its green pod mutants yielded via gamma radiation. Transcriptional profiling showed that expression levels of red chlorophyll catabolite reductase ( RCCR , Phvul.008G280300 ) involved in chlorophyll degradation was strongly enhanced at an early stage (2 cm long) in wild type but not in green pod mutants. The expression levels of genes involved in cellulose synthesis was inhibited by the pod degreening. Metabolomic profiling showed that the content of most flavonoid, flavones, and isoflavonoid was decreased during pod development, but the content of afzelechin, taxifolin, dihydrokaempferol, and cyanidin 3- O -rutinoside was remarkably increased in both wild type and green pod mutant. This study revealed that the pod degreening of the golden hook resulting from chlorophyll degradation could trigger changes in cellulose and flavonoids biosynthesis pathway, offering this cultivar a special color appearance and good flavor.

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The prevalence and subjective handicap of epilepsy in Ilie — A rural riverine community in South West Nigeria: A door-to-door survey

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso

The impact of imperfect screening tools on measuring the prevalence of epilepsy and headaches in Burkina Faso

Epilepsy treatment gap in Sub‐Saharan Africa: Meta‐analysis of community‐based studies

Enhanced Chlorophyll Degradation Triggers the Pod Degreening of “Golden Hook,” a Special Ecotype in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

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