The prevalence and severity of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) among 8 year-old children in Amman, Jordan.

Abstract

Background: Little prevalence studies relating to molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) exist for Middle East populations in general and among Jordanian children in particular. Aim: To assess the prevalence and severity of MIH in a group of 3rd year class school children resident in Amman, Jordan as well as to describe its distribution in first permanent molars and incisors. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a representative sample was used. A simple random sampling technique produced 1412 school children aged 8-9-years. All children were examined by a single calibrated examiner. The first permanent molars and incisors were examined for molar incisor hypomineralization using the chart of Ghanim et al. based on the criteria of European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD). Analysis of data was performed with a p value set at 0.05. Results: Of a total of 1412 schoolchildren 186 (13.17%) were diagnosed with MIH. Maxillary teeth were more commonly affected than the mandibular but the difference was not significant (p>0.05) and the maxillary molar was the most affected. Demarcated creamy white opacities were most frequently encountered followed by post eruptive breakdown. Atypical restorations and caries because of MIH were uncommon. More than the half of teeth was diagnosed with severe form of MIH. The severity increases with the increase of number of affected molars. Conclusion: Molar incisor hypomineralization was high among the children examined. Demarcated opacities were more frequent than breakdown. The severity of the lesions increased with the number of affected teeth.

Prevalence and risk factors of molar incisor hypomineralization in the Middle East: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…(2011) 27 North region 2004–2005 Non-random sample, hospital-based Demarcated opacities, Post-eruptive defects, Atypical restorations 5–12 3660 120 (3.28) Hamdan et al. (2020) 32 Amman 2015 Simple random sample, multi-school-based EAPD 2003 8–9 1412 186 (13.17) Lebanon Elzein et al. (2020) 33 North, East, South, Beirut and suburbs 2017–2018 Simple random sample, multischool-based Ghanim et al.…”

“… 21 , 22 , 23 Seven studies were hospital-based, reporting the frequency rather than the prevalence of MIH. 21 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 The remaining studies were population-representative and multischool-based, 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 23 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 with the exception of two studies conducted in a single school setting 30 , 35 ( Table 1 ).…”

“…20 Among the MIH prevalence studies ( Table 2 ), 15 were rated as being high quality, of which 5 received the highest score (total = 9). 9 , 11 , 31 , 32 , 41 The remaining 12 studies were rated as being moderate quality. The areas of shortcomings varied, with limitations in the description of study subjects and setting.…”

Correlation between Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization, Stress, and Family Functioning

“…To calculate a sample size, the prevalence of MIH from a study conducted in a nearby geographical region following the same diagnosis criteria was referenced (13.17%). [ 9 ] The dropout rate of 10% was added to the sample size, bringing a total number of 188 children. The response rate was 86.7%.…”

Childhood malnutrition and hypo mineralized molar defects ;a cross sectional study, Egypt

“…The requirement for the orthodontic therapy intervention as a result of tooth extraction induced by MIH has also been stated. 16,17 Dental caries is a multifactorial disease. Factors affecting the onset of this disease could involve diet composition, oral hygiene, socioeconomic status, bacterial load, salivary immunoglobulins and fluoride intake.…”