The Prevalence and Severity of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Medical Undergraduate Students of Arsi University and Their Association with Substance Use, Southeast Ethiopia

Melaku, Leta; Bulcha, Guta; Worku, Deresa

doi:10.1155/2021/9936157

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, research conducted in Ethiopia reported a lower incidence of the disorders among university students (Simegn et al, 2021;Melaku et al, 2021). The high prevalence rate of depression, anxiety, and stress reported in this study can be explained by the ongoing war conflict in the university area, which can increase the burden of mental distress among students, as other research suggests (Madoro et al, 2021;Elhadi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…This might be due to the instance that male students receive a lower-level of social support (McLean et al, 2022;Alsubaie et al, 2019;Hefner & Eisenberg, 2009). However, consistence with previous research female students reported a higher level of stress compared to their counterparts (McLean et al, 2022;Simegn et al, 2021;Melaku et al, 2021;Habihirwe et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The score is calculated by adding the scores of items in each sub-scale and multiplying by 2, where the subscale score ranges from 0 to 42 and the total score ranges from 0 to 120. Different studies have validated and checked the reliability of the DASS-21 (Garcia et al, 2022;Melaku et al, 2021;Vignola & Tucci, 2014). For instance, Vignola and Tucci (2014) reported good internal consistency with 0.95 Cronbach's alpha for each sub-scale, i.e., 0.92 for depression, 0.90 for stress, and 0.86 for anxiety.…”

Section: Data Collection Tool and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to studies conducted on university students, the most common presenting symptoms among students are depression, anxiety, and stress, with prevalence rates ranging from 39.0 to 80.7%, 23.8 to 98.4%, and 35.8 to 80.3%, respectively (Habihirwe et al, 2018;Fauzi et al, 2021;Syed, Syed & Khan, 2018;Maria Najjuka et al, 2020;Othman et al, 2019). In Ethiopia, 37.73 percent of university students suffer from common mental disorders (Mekuriaw et al, 2020), with depression and anxiety being particularly frequent (Melaku et al, 2021;Kebede et al, 2019). These emotional distresses are found to negatively align with student functioning (Owens, Stevenson, Hadwin, & Norgate, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of social support and dysfunctional attitude to determine the level of mental distress among student in war area: a cross-section survey study

Weldemedin

2023

Preprint

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The prevalence of mental distress is higher among university students, and mental health disturbances are expected to rise amid significant social crises such as war. First-year students who enrolled in university programs after higher education institutions reopened in the midst of ongoing armed conflict face greater mental distress as they adjust to university life and deal with the aftermath of war. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress and the predictive roles of social support and dysfunctional attitudes to determine the level of mental distress among students. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among 335 first-year students at the University of Gondar. A multistage sampling technique was used to enroll participants. Data were collected using the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21), the short version of the dysfunctional attitude scale, and the multidimensional scale for perceived social support (MSPSS). To determine the prevalence, descriptive analysis was used, followed by a t-test to compare gender differences and multiple regression analysis to examine associated factors. The sample comprised 56.4% of male respondents, and the mean age was 19.93. (SD: 1.28). Depression, anxiety, and stress were prevalent among 72.8%, 69.3%, and 57.3% of the participants, respectively. While sleep and appetite problems were strongly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress, previous mental disorder diagnoses and fear of poor grades only significantly correlated with depression and anxiety. Excessive internet use, on the other hand, was correlated with increased anxiety levels. Multiple regression analysis revealed that social support and dysfunctional attitudes explained 21% of the difference in students’ levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Social support was the strongest predictor across all diagnoses. In conclusion, a high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was reported among students, and the level of social support received was found to be the strongest predictor. Therefore, interventions aimed at expanding students’ social networks and access to social support are recommended.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Data Collection Tool and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of social support and dysfunctional attitude to determine the level of mental distress among student in war area: a cross-section survey study

Weldemedin

2023

Preprint

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“…Atualmente, vem-se observando um aumento no número de ocorrências de pessoas com estresse e depressão cuja manifestação pode influenciar a qualidade de vida e as atividades de rotina (1)(2)(3) . O sintoma de estresse é compreendido como uma manifestação resultante de um evento do meio externo ou interno que excede os aspectos de adaptação fisiológica ou psicológica referente ao processo cognitivo, emocional e comportamental, deixando as pessoas em situações de risco para o adoecimento (4) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Stress and depression in university health students

Bresolin¹,

Dalmolin²,

Vasconcellos³

et al. 2022

Rev Rene

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Objective: to analyze the association between stress and depression in university health students. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted with 792 university health students. The research instrument consisted of characterization of the students, Beck Depression Inventory version II and the Perceived Stress Scale. Absolute and relative frequency analysis, mean, standard deviation, median, interquartile range, and analytical statistics were used. Results: an association between depression and stress was observed (p<0.001) as well as a strong correlation between them (r=0.731; p<0.001). In high level of stress 9.5% of the students were found and in moderate to severe intensity of common symptoms of depression, 23.6% of them. Conclusion: a difference was noticed in the averages between the levels of depression and stress, in that the higher the level of depression, the higher the average stress. Contributions to practice: stress is related to depression in university health students, who, after graduation, may enter the labor market already sick, which brings implications for interpersonal relationships, worker health and patient safety. This enables higher education institutions to reflect on the organization of practices and intervention policies for the reduction of stress and depression among students.

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Prevalence of depression and its associated factors among Ethiopian students: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Fentahun,

Takelle,

Rtbey

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of depression and its associated factors among high school, college and university students in Ethiopia.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Direct, African Journal Online and Google Scholar. The primary articles were searched from 2 April 2023 to 11 May 2023.Eligibility criteriaObservational studies such as cross-sectional, case–control and cohort studies that reported the prevalence and associated factors of depression among students in Ethiopia were included. Both published and unpublished primary studies were included in this review.Data extraction and synthesisTwo authors independently extracted all the important data using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and exported it to Stata V.14 for analysis. The statistical heterogeneity among the included articles was assessed by the I2statistics test. Publication bias was checked using the funnel plot and Egger’s regression test.ResultsA total of 17 primary studies with 8798 study participants were included in the current study to estimate the combined prevalence of depression. The pooled prevalence of depression among Ethiopian students was 35.52% with a 95% CI (30.54% to 40.51%). Subgroup analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of depression was higher in Addis Ababa, which was 40.43%, with a 95% CI (28.02% to 52.83%). Female sex, first-year educational level, family history of mental illness, alcohol drinking and parental neglect were significantly associated with depression in this study.ConclusionIn this review, the overall pooled prevalence of depression among students in Ethiopia was high compared with the general population. Therefore, it is necessary to make more efforts to provide mental healthcare and psychosocial support to students to improve their mental health and decrease the overall burden of depression.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023424301.

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The Prevalence and Severity of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Medical Undergraduate Students of Arsi University and Their Association with Substance Use, Southeast Ethiopia

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

The role of social support and dysfunctional attitude to determine the level of mental distress among student in war area: a cross-section survey study

The role of social support and dysfunctional attitude to determine the level of mental distress among student in war area: a cross-section survey study

Stress and depression in university health students

Prevalence of depression and its associated factors among Ethiopian students: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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