The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Shiraz, Southern Iran

Ghaem, Haleh; Daneshi, Nima; Riahi, Shirin; Dianatinasab, Mostafa

doi:10.4093/dmj.2018.0047

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The odds ratio developing diabetic retinopathy among overweight/obese respondents were about four times more likely chance (AOR (95% CI:3.74 (1.83,7.66) than those having normal bodyweight. This result is in line with the studies conducted in America (39), Iran (31)and Beijing (25); but inconsistent with the studies in Croatia (40), and Minnesota (41).The possible reasons of this discrepancy among studies might be due to methodological differences, differences in study participants, lack of comprehensive anthropometric measurements, and confounding effect; but being overweight/obese causes increasing blood viscosity, oxidative stress, vascular growth factors, leptin, cytokines, and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 which leads to diabetic retinopathy (42,43). Fasting blood sugar was used to assess glycemic control due to the lack of facilities to do HbAlc in the study area was our limitation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In our study, among DR patients three-fourth (75.4%) had non-proliferative type of diabetic retinopathy. This is lower than study results in India 85.3% (30), Armenia 90.2% (27) but higher than the studies in southern Iran 56.9% (31)and Khartoum 51.7% (29). This variation might be due to quality of care given for diabetic patients and diagnostic method.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

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Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Associated Factors Among Diabetic Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North-west Ethiopia, 2019.

Tilahun¹,

Gobena²,

Dereje³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Diabetic retinopathy is a well-known sight–threatening microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Currently 93 million people live with diabetic retinopathy worldwide. There are insufficient studies addressing on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and underlying risk factors in Ethiopia. Objective To assess prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its associated factors among diabetic patients on follow up at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North-West Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 302 participants at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. They were selected through systematic sampling technique and those with mature cataract and critically ill were excluded. The necessary data were extracted from medical records by using pre-tested checklist. Blood pressure, weight, height and visual acuity tests were assessed. Retinal examination was performed through slit lamp biomicroscope and binocular indirect ophthalmoscope. Data were entered to epi-data 3.1 version. The data were exported into Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 20) program for analyses. Binary logistic regression with 95%CI was used for analyses. A variable had p-value < 0.25 in the bivariable logistic regression was entered to multivariate logistic regression. Finally, variables with p-value < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression were considered as statistically significant. Result There were 302 participants included in this study, out of which 57(18.9%) had diabetic retinopathy. Among DR patients, three-fourth (75.4%) had pre-proliferative type of diabetic retinopathy. Four in ten (37.7%) of diabetic patients had visual acuity problem. Poor glycaemic control (AOR(95% CI: 4.58(1.86,11.31), having more than 10 years diabetic duration (AOR(95% CI: 3.91(1.86,8.23), body mass index > 25 kg/m2(AOR(95% CI: 3.74(1.83,7.66), and hypertension (AOR(95% CI: 3.39(1.64,7.02) were significantly associated factors with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion About one fifth of DM patients had diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy was significantly associated with glycaemic control, hypertension, body mass index and duration of illness. Routine assessment and early control of those associated factors may be important to reduce both the prevalence and impact of diabetic retinopathy as evidenced in the current study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Associated Factors Among Diabetic Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North-west Ethiopia, 2019.

Tilahun¹,

Gobena²,

Dereje³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In our study, among DR patients, three-quarters (75.4%) had nonproliferative DR. This is lower than study results in India (85.3%) 30 and Armenia (90.2%), 28 but higher than studies in southern Iran (56.9%) 32 and Khartoum (51.7%). 30 This variation might be due to quality of care for DM patients and diagnostic methods.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

<p>Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Associated Factors among Diabetic Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019: Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Tilahun¹,

Gobena²,

Dereje³

et al. 2020

DMSO

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Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a well-known sight-threatening microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Currently, 93 million people live with diabetic retinopathy worldwide. There are insufficient studies addressing the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and risk factors in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its associated factors among diabetic patients on follow-up at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, northwest Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: This institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 302 patients. They were selected through systematic sampling. Explanatory data were extracted from medical records and interviews. Blood pressure, weight, height, and visual acuity tests were assessed. Retinal examination was performed with a Topcon TRC-NW7SF fundus camera. Data were entered in EpiData 3.1 and exported in to SPSS 20 for analyses. Binary logistic regression with 95% CIs was used for analyses. Simple binary logistic regression followed by multiple binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify associated factors. Results: There were 302 patients in this study, of which 57 (18.9%) had diabetic retinopathy. Among the diabetic retinopathy patients, 75.4% had the preproliferative type. Four in ten (37.7%) of the patients had visual acuity problems. Poor glycemic control (AOR 4.58, 95% CI 1.86-11.31), > 10 years' diabetes duration (AOR 3.91, 95% CI 1.86-8.23), body-mass index >25 kg/m 2 (AOR 3.74, 95% CI 1.83-7.66), and hypertension (AOR 3.39, 95% CI 1.64-7.02) were factors significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion: About a-fifth of diabetic patients had diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy was significantly associated with glycemic control, hypertension, body-mass index, and duration of illness. Routine assessment and early control of those associated factors may be important in reducing both the prevalence and impact of diabetic retinopathy, as evidenced in the current study.

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“…Acceleration of DR development was caused by long duration of diabetes. Previous study also confirmed that longer diabetes duration strongly associated with DR. 11 Increased occurrence of DR was also related to older age of the patients and visual impairment was more prevalent in older subject. 38 Moreover, unhealthy lifestyles were worsening the health condition and might increase the severity of DR, subsequently aggravated QoL score.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[8][9][10] Vision loss distress is the most devastating, as DR is one of the leading cause of blindness, that diminishes QoL. 11,12 Severity of DR are varies across patients, ranged from mild NPDR to advance PDR. 13 It may be accompanied by complication such as diabetic macular edema (DME) that can occur at any stage and vitreous hemorrhage (VH) that can develop secondary to PDR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Severity, Comorbidities, and Complications on Quality of Life: A Systematic Review in Patient With Diabetic Retinopathy

Yuhara¹,

Magistasari²,

Ikakusumawati³

et al. 2019

Int. Res. J. Pharm.

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People with chronic disease and its complication tend to have a decline in quality of life (QoL), as in the case of diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR severity varies, while concurrent conditions such as comorbidities and complications are common. However the evidence was concern in effect of those factors on QoL is still limited. The aim of this systematic review is to explore QoL in patients with DR by emphasizing on the impact of severity, comorbidity and complication, in order to conceive the profundity of the impact of those factors on QoL. Terms and keywords relevant to QoL and DR were systematically searched using three electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar). A total of 172 studies were initially obtained and screened. Further, after the references were reviewed, 22 studies met all the eligibility criteria were finally selected. The included studies involved 6,457 patients in DR and conducted from different countries. Diabetic patients with DR had lower QoL compared to those without DR. Due to increasing number of comorbidity, complication and DR severity, QoL among patients were decreased. Our study showed that increasing number of comorbidity, complication, and severity were associated with poor QoL. Several medical interventions could improve the QoL. This study provides new evidence of factors related to QoL for clinicians and policy makers, hence intervention was needed accordingly to prevent occurrence and worsening the progress on those factors in patient with DR.

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The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Shiraz, Southern Iran

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Associated Factors Among Diabetic Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North-west Ethiopia, 2019.

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Associated Factors Among Diabetic Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North-west Ethiopia, 2019.

<p>Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Associated Factors among Diabetic Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019: Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study</p>

The Impact of Severity, Comorbidities, and Complications on Quality of Life: A Systematic Review in Patient With Diabetic Retinopathy

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