“…However, we have not found a model that manages to explain suicidal ideation in such a high percentage as the model we propose. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have found several factors associated with suicidal ideation, such as being female, alcohol use, having depression, being a junior or pre-clinical student, exposure to COVID-19, academic stress, history of psy-chiatric or physical disorders, financial problems, fear of educational deterioration, online learning problems, fear of infection, loneliness, low physical activity, low social support, problematic internet or smartphone use, and young age (Kaggwa et al, 2023;Peng et al, 2023). In contrast to these findings, our study found that when adjusting for different variables, anxious symptoms and family communication are the main risks and protective factors, respectively.…”