The Prevalence and Predictors of HIV Infection among Children of Mothers who Missed Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Interventions in Makurdi, Nigeria

Anígilájé, Emmanuel Adémólá; Dabit, Othniel; Ageda, Bem; Hwande, S.; Bitto, TT

doi:10.4172/2155-6113.1000249

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Children who were mixedfed were seven times more likely to be HIV positive (OR = 7.0, 95% CI: 1.98 -17.43, p = 0.002). This finding is in tandem with many other studies that have shown that negating prophylaxis administration to infants highly exposes them to HIV infection through their mothers [11,23,26,34]. In the multivariate analysis of both maternal and infant factors associated with HIV status, two factors remained statistically significant.…”

Section: Bi and Multivariate Analysis Of Infants' Factors Associated ...supporting

confidence: 82%

“…Infants who never received ARVs for prophylaxis at birth were four times more likely to test HIV positive (AOR = 4.0, 95% CI: 1.14-11.92, p = 0.003). We believe that the continued significance of multivariate analysis of these 2 factors is still justified by the interpretation advanced by Kahungu et al [11] and Anígilájé et al [34].…”

Section: Bi and Multivariate Analysis Of Infants' Factors Associated ...mentioning

confidence: 79%

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HIV Sero-Status and Risk Factors of Sero-Positivity of HIV Exposed Children Below Two Years of Age at Mityana General Hospital in Mityana District, Uganda

Senyonga

2023

IDOSR JBBAF

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The aim of this study was to identify the factors linked to HIV serostatus and the risks of HIV positivity among children under two years old exposed to HIV at Mityana General Hospital in Mityana district, Uganda. This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey utilizing quantitative data from administered questionnaires and routine service data obtained from the mother’s HIV care card and the exposed infant clinical chart. Data analysis was performed using Epi Info version 7.2.4 for entry and Stata version 16 for analysis. Descriptive statistics characterized both infant and mother traits. Logistic regression was employed to determine the factors associated with HIV serostatus. Among the 102 mother–infant pairs recruited, most mothers were between 25–34 years old (53/102, 52.0%), married (67/102, 65.7%), had attained at least primary education (49/102, 48.1%), and were involved in farming for their livelihood (89/102, 87.3%). The HIV prevalence among the infants stood at 8.8%. In the bivariate analysis, factors such as place of delivery (OR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.340-9.413, p = 0.003), normal delivery (OR = 4.7, 95% CI:0.682-5.522, p= <0.001), poor adherence to ART (OR=3.11, 95% CI: 0.983-8.344, p=0.026), and the mothers’ level of education (OR=6.2, 95% CI: 3.00-14.476, p= <0.001) were associated with HIV-positive outcomes in infants below two years old. This study underscores that 8.8% of children under 2 years attending Mityana General Hospital are HIV-infected due to exposure from their mothers. Factors contributing to this burden include maternal non-adherence to ART, delivery in facilities lacking PMTCT protocols, maternal education levels, and the absence of prophylaxis administration to exposed infants, collectively propagating HIV transmission among these infants. Keywords: Pediatric HIV, Mother-to-child transmission, HIV serostatus, Infants below 2 years.

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Section: Bi and Multivariate Analysis Of Infants' Factors Associated ...supporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Bi and Multivariate Analysis Of Infants' Factors Associated ...mentioning

confidence: 79%

HIV Sero-Status and Risk Factors of Sero-Positivity of HIV Exposed Children Below Two Years of Age at Mityana General Hospital in Mityana District, Uganda

Senyonga

2023

IDOSR JBBAF

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Effects of leisure activities and psychosocial support on medication adherence and clinic attendance among children on antiretroviral therapy

Anígilájé¹,

Dabit²,

Tyovenda³

et al. 2014

HIV

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BackgroundOptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and retention-in-care are essential in HIV management. Through a Kiddies’ Club (KC), the study aimed at assessing the impact of social leisures and psychosocial support on ART adherence and clinic attendance in a pediatric ART program.MethodsThis was a descriptive, longitudinal study, conducted at the Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Nigeria, from June 2011 to June 2012. It included 33 ART-experienced children and their caregivers. The study was supplemented with a qualitative focused group discussion, involving 12 discussants. ART adherence, clinic attendance, and clinical and immunoviralogical responses of the children to ART were noted at 6 months and at 12 months of follow-up.ResultsThe children comprised 17 males and 16 females, with a median age of 5 years. Financial constraint was the most common reason given for losses to follow-up in quantitative (32/33, 96.9%) and qualitative (12/12, 100.0%) assessments. But, unavailability of means of transportation may still override the benefit that financial assistance can provide, as reported in the qualitative study. The baseline mean hemoglobin level (8.50 g/dL), median CD4 count (187.00 cells/mm3); median weight for height z-score (−0.395), and the median body mass index (15.40) increased significantly to respective values of 10.03 g/dL, 1,030.00 cells/mm3, −0.090, and 18.50, at 6 months (P-values: 0.000), and 10.47 g/dL, 1,203.00 cells/mm3, 0.420, and 19.20, at 12 months (P-values: 0.000). The baseline median viral load (45,678.00 copies/mL) also decreased significantly, to 200.00 copies/mL at 6 months and at 12 months (P-values: 0.000). There was no attrition from death or loss to follow-up, and adherence to ART was 100%, at 6 months and at 12 months of follow-up.ConclusionThrough the KC, children were retained in care, with excellent adherence to ART, and good clinical and immunoviralogical responses to ART, even after being previously lost to follow-up.

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No increased in utero and peripartum HIV acquisition risk in HIV-exposed preterm infants

Ajibola,

Mdluli,

Bennett

et al. 2023

Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine

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The Prevalence and Predictors of HIV Infection among Children of Mothers who Missed Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Interventions in Makurdi, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

HIV Sero-Status and Risk Factors of Sero-Positivity of HIV Exposed Children Below Two Years of Age at Mityana General Hospital in Mityana District, Uganda

HIV Sero-Status and Risk Factors of Sero-Positivity of HIV Exposed Children Below Two Years of Age at Mityana General Hospital in Mityana District, Uganda

Effects of leisure activities and psychosocial support on medication adherence and clinic attendance among children on antiretroviral therapy

No increased in utero and peripartum HIV acquisition risk in HIV-exposed preterm infants

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