The prevalence and predictors of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic population of Punjab, India

Khullar, Shallu; Kaur, Gurpreet; Dhillon, Harjot; Sharma, Ritu; Mehta, Kanchan; Singh, Monica; Singh, Puneetpal

doi:10.4103/2321-0656.193996

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Internal consistency of the questionnaire was reported to be 0.82. [ 18 ] MMSE had been standardized for our research by forward translation, expert panel back translation, pretesting and cognitive interviewing and concluded with the preparation of final version. Based on the scores obtained, they were classified into normal (score 25–30) and mild cognitive impairment (score <25).…”

Section: Ethodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Indoor Air Pollution and Cognitive Impairment among Adults in Rural Puducherry, South India

Krishnamoorthy

Sarveswaran

Sivaranjini

et al. 2018

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice

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Background:Recent evidences showed that outdoor air pollution had significant influence on cognitive functioning of adults. However, little is known regarding the association of indoor air pollution with cognitive dysfunction. Hence, the current study was done to assess the association between indoor air pollution and cognitive impairment among adults in rural Puducherry.Methodology:A community-based cross-sectional study was done among 295 adults residing in rural field practice area of tertiary care institute in Puducherry during February and March 2018. Information regarding sociodemographic profile and household was collected using pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Mini-Mental State Examination was done to assess cognitive function. We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) to identify the factors associated with cognitive impairment.Results:Among 295 participants, 173 (58.6) were in 30–59 years; 154 (52.2%) were female; and 59 (20.0%) were exposed to indoor air pollution. Prevalence of cognitive impairment in the general population was 11.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.7–16.1). Prevalence of cognitive impairment among those who were exposed to indoor air pollution was 27.1% (95% CI: 17.4–39.6). Individuals exposed to indoor air pollution (aPR = 2.18, P = 0.003) were found to have two times more chance of having cognitive impairment.Conclusion:About one-fourth of the participants were exposed to indoor air pollution, out of which more than one-fourth was found to have cognitive impairment which is twice that of the general population. Hence, prevention of exposure to indoor air pollution needs to be done through increased availability to cleaner fuels for household usage.

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Section: Ethodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Indoor Air Pollution and Cognitive Impairment among Adults in Rural Puducherry, South India

Krishnamoorthy

Sarveswaran

Sivaranjini

et al. 2018

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice

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“…Few studies have verified that type 2 diabetes is a biological risk factor of cognitive impairment. [13][14][15][16] In contrast, cardiovascular diseases such as stroke have been identified as critical diseases that can lead to neurocognitive dysfunction in various areas, including attention, executive function, language, and memory. [17][18][19] A longitudinal study identified changes in cognitive function over 3 years in 630 patients after their first stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have identified the relationship between alcohol consumption and cognitive decline. 16 In particular, a follow-up longitudinal study of 6542 middle-aged adults found that alcohol use disorder can predict memory impairment. 25 However, the association between smoking and cognitive decline remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between health‐related factors, physical and mental diseases, social activities, and cognitive function in elderly Koreans: a population‐based cross‐sectional study

Bae

2020

Psychogeriatrics

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Aim: The purpose of this study was to verify the association of cognitive function with health-related variables, diseases, and social activities. Methods: Data from the 2016 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging were analyzed. The participants of that study were 5678 adults aged 60 years or older living in 17 major Korean regions nationwide. Results: Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that gender, age, education, marital status, depressive symptoms, body mass index, regular exercise, activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, hand grip strength, and social activities were all significantly associated with cognitive function in elderly Koreans. However, socioeconomic status, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, attendance at school reunions, volunteer work, and participation in political or civic organizations had no impact on cognitive function. First, the results indicated that men had better cognitive function than women; likewise, married individuals and those with a higher level of education also had better cognitive function. As age increased, cognitive function declined. Second, higher body mass index was related to poorer cognitive function, whereas regular exercise was positively associated with better cognitive function. In addition, higher activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living scores were associated with poorer cognitive function. Third, depressive symptoms were negatively associated with cognitive function. Finally, religious activities, social activities, and participation in leisure activities, cultural events, and sports were associated with better cognitive functioning. The possibility of reverse association exists between some of the variables (e.g. religious activity and cognitive function), and it is necessary to verify this possibility through a longitudinal study. The biggest limitation is that this is a cross-sectional study, which made it unfeasible to investigate the causal pathways. Conclusions: This study suggests that regularly exercising and attending social activities each help to improve cognitive function in the elderly.

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“…Studies from across the world have shown the association between NCDs and the decline of cognitive function leading to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. 11 12 13 14 However, the etiological pathway of this relationship is not known. MCI is the transitional phase between the normal aging process and dementia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidity and Cognitive Impairment among Patients Attending the Rural Noncommunicable Disease Clinic

Mehra

Sangwan

Grover

et al. 2020

JNRP

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Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cognitive impairment and psychiatric morbidity among the patients attending the rural noncommunicable disease clinic after controlling for various confounders (i.e., psychological morbidity, obesity, gender, level of education, duration of the illness and age). Methods One-hundred twenty-four patients were evaluated on the Hindi Mental State Examination for the cognitive function, Physical Health Questionnaire-9 for depression, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 for anxiety disorders. Results About one-fourth (26.6%) of the participants had cognitive impairment. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was more among patients with hypertension (35.5%) as compared with the diabetes mellitus (13.6%) and those with comorbid hypertension and diabetes mellitus (26.6%). About one of the participants had depression (35.5%) and 29% of the patients had anxiety disorder. No significant difference was found in the level of cognitive deficits between those with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, when the confounding factors were not taken into account in the analysis. However, after controlling for psychiatric morbidity, obesity, gender, level of education, duration of the illness and age, those with hypertension were found to have significantly higher level of cognitive impairment compared with those with diabetes mellitus. A higher level of dysfunction was seen in the domains of orientation, registration, attention, recall, language, and visuospatial domains. Conclusion Present study suggests that patients of hypertension have higher level of cognitive impairment, when compared with those with diabetes mellitus, even after controlling for various confounders. Lack of difference between the two groups can be accounted by the confounding variables.

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The prevalence and predictors of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic population of Punjab, India

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Association between Indoor Air Pollution and Cognitive Impairment among Adults in Rural Puducherry, South India

Association between Indoor Air Pollution and Cognitive Impairment among Adults in Rural Puducherry, South India

The association between health‐related factors, physical and mental diseases, social activities, and cognitive function in elderly Koreans: a population‐based cross‐sectional study

Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidity and Cognitive Impairment among Patients Attending the Rural Noncommunicable Disease Clinic

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