The Prevalence and Influence Factors of Inter-Ankle Systolic Blood Pressure Difference in Community Population

Abstract

AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of interankle systolic blood pressure difference (sIAND) and its influencing factors in community population.MethodsThis study included 2849 (65.1±9.4 y) subjects. Blood pressure (BPs) of four limbs was simultaneously measured with 4 electronic sphygmomanometers after 10 min rest in supine position. The difference of systolic BP (SBP) between two ankles was calculated as DETASBP. The criterion for abnormal sIAND was ≥10 mmHg of absolute DeltaSBP, in which the criterion for 1o sIAND was 10–19 mmHg and for 2o sIAND was ≥20 mmHg. Age, gender, smoking, hypertension, family histories of hypertension and diabetes were recorded. Fasting blood glucose and lipids, circumference of hip and waist, and body mass index (BMI) were measured.ResultsThe SBP was higher in the right ankle than in the left ankle (158.9±21.8 vs 157.3±21.6 mmHg, P<0.05) and mean DeltaSBP was 6.08±6.26 mmHg. Similar difference was found in both genders. The prevalence of abnormal was 18.5%, in which, the prevalence 1o sIAND was 15.3% and that of 2o sIAND was 3.1%. Multivariate regression analysis showed that age, waist circumference and blood glucose level were the positive factors for DeltaSBP. The normal upper limit for DeltaSBP was 16.7 mmHg in this population, the prevalence of sIAND by≥16 mmHg was 5.8%.ConclusionAging, hypertension, obesity and abnormal glucose metabolism are positive factors for inter-ankle SBP difference.

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“…Так же, как в и работе Z. Zhang (2013) и I. Weinberg (2014), нами была показана достоверная ассоциация признаков атеросклеротического поражения артерий по данным МОС с наличием АГ, ожирением и СД, при этом вполне ожидаемой являлась и обнаруженная сла-бая положительная корреляции между величиной ССР и частотой поражения периферических артерий [10,12].…”

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A study of the VaSera arterial stiffness device in US patients

“…Although ankle‐brachial index (ABI) is a well‐established predictor of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity, the differences in leg BPs are beginning to be explored. Interankle BPs (taken from a four‐cuff simultaneous BP apparatus) have been shown to predict mortality in elderly Chinese populations, and many other risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality have been found to correlate with interankle difference . Furthermore, recent work has begun to associate interankle BP differences with progression of diabetic nephropathy as well as cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality in patients …”

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“…In healthy adults, the sIAD is usually less than 10 mmHg [11]. However, if the sIAD measures more than 10 mmHg, the arteries beneath the clavicle might be narrow or blocked, and due to this, the risks of peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular disease, and cardiovascular disease are increased [12,13].…”