The prevalence and factors associated with stunting among infants aged 6 months in a peri-urban South African community

Matsungo, Tonderayi M.; Kruger, Herculina S; Faber, Mieke; Rothman, Marinel; Smuts, Cornelius M.

doi:10.1017/s1368980017002087

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Victora et al reported that, since low birthweight is more commonly found in infants whose mothers were stunted, the effect of stunting on cognition may be intergenerational [ 54 ]. Matsungo et al (2017) further reported that boys, who scored lower parent rating scores in our study, were 1.73 times ( p = 0.017) more likely to be stunted than girls [ 49 ]. Higher stunting rates in boys concur with the findings from 16 demographic and health surveys from 10 sub-Saharan countries [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…We found that stunted, as well as infants born with a low birthweight scored lower psychomotor scores. In the same study population, Matsungo et al (2017) reported that birth weight (kg) was inversely associated with stunting [ 49 ], which may be a consequence of maternal short stature, combined with poor nutrition during pre-conception and pregnancy [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Victora et al reported that, since low birthweight is more commonly found in infants whose mothers were stunted, the effect of stunting on cognition may be intergenerational [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infant Development at the Age of 6 Months in Relation to Feeding Practices, Iron Status, and Growth in a Peri-Urban Community of South Africa

et al. 2018

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Background: Evidence on the association between feeding practices, iron deficiency, anaemia, stunting, and impaired psychomotor development during infancy is limited. This study assessed the association between psychomotor development with early feeding practices, growth, iron status, and anaemia. Methods: This was cross-sectional baseline data of a randomised controlled trial which included 6-month-old infants and their mothers or primary caregivers (n = 750) in a peri-urban community in the North West province of South Africa. The Kilifi Developmental Inventory and a parent rating scale were used to assess psychomotor development. Feeding practices and anthropometric measurements were based on the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. Anaemia and iron status were determined by blood sample analysis. Results: Prevalence of anaemia and stunting for the infants were 36.4% and 28.5%, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed that birth weight was related to combined psychomotor scores (β = −3.427 (−4.603, 1.891), p < 0.001), as well as parent rating scores (β = −0.843 (−1.507, −0.180), p = 0.013). Length-for-age z-scores were associated with combined psychomotor scores (β = −1.419 (−2.466, 0.373), p = 0.008), as well as parent rating scores (β = −0.747 (−1.483, −0.010), p = 0.047). Conclusions: In this setting, with high prevalence of anaemia and stunting, important associations between lower psychomotor development scores and birthweight as well as length-for-age z-scores in 6-month-old infants were found. These findings warrant further investigation to develop a greater understanding of factors influencing the association between child growth and psychomotor development within the first 1000 days of life.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant Development at the Age of 6 Months in Relation to Feeding Practices, Iron Status, and Growth in a Peri-Urban Community of South Africa

et al. 2018

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“…In our study, a significantly higher proportion of IUH was underweight at three months (8.2% vs 1.6%) and stunted at three and six months (44.9% vs 3.96%; 20.9% vs 4.84%) when compared to their IEH counterparts. Other South African studies have also reported a high prevalence of stunting in children (28.5%) [21,22]. Although a larger proportion of the IUH were breastfed for less than six months, stunting and being underweight were independent of breastfeeding duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Growth Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Association with Breastfeeding in HIV Exposed and Unexposed Infants in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa

Pillay

Moodley

Emel

et al. 2020

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BackgroundExclusive breastfeeding for six months and breastfeeding with complementary feeds until 12 months for infants exposed to HIV (IEH) or 24 months for infants unexposed to HIV (IUH) is the current World Health Organisation (WHO) recommendation for LMICs to improve clinical outcomes and growth trajectories in infants. In a post hoc evaluation of IEH and IUH cohorts, we examine growth patterns and clinical outcomes in the first six months of infancy in association with breastfeeding duration. MethodsTwo non–contemporaneous cohorts of infants born to women living with HIV and women without HIV, from a low-socioeconomic township in South Africa, were evaluated from birth until nine months of age. Clinical, anthropometric and infant feeding data were analysed. Standard descriptive statistics and regression analysis were performed to determine the effect of HIV exposure and breastfeeding duration on growth and clinical outcomes. ResultsIncluded in this secondary analysis were 123 IEH and 157 IUH infants breastfed for a median of 26 weeks and 14 weeks respectively. Median WLZ score was consistently and significantly lower in IEH than IUH at 3, 6 and 9 months (-0.19 vs 2.09; -0.81 vs 0.28; 0.05 vs 0.97 respectively). In contrast, the median LAZ score was significantly lower among IUH at 3 and 6 (-1.63 vs 0.91; -0.37 vs 0.51). A significantly higher proportion of IUH was classified as stunted (LAZ<-2SD) at 3 and 6 months (3.9% vs 44.9%, 4.8% vs 20.9% respectively) and a higher proportion of IEH experienced one or more episodes of skin rash (44.5% vs 12.8%) and upper respiratory tract infection (30.1% vs 10.9%) (p<0.0001). In a multivariable analysis, the odds of occurrence of wasting, skin rash, URTI or any clinical adverse event in IEH were 2.86, 7.06, 3.01 and 8.89 times higher than IUH after adjusting for breastfeeding duration. ConclusionOur study has generated additional evidence that IEH is at substantial risk of infectious morbidity and decreased growth trajectories independent of breastfeeding duration. We further report shorter breastfeeding duration in infants not exposed to HIV and the higher prevalence of stunting in this cohort is also independent of breastfeeding duration.

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“…Hasil yang sama ditunjukkan pada penelitian di Afrika Selatan yang melaporkan bahwa waktu pemberian ASI eksklusif tidak memengaruhi kejadian stunting. 12 Penelitian lainnya menyebutkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting, wasting, maupun underweight. 13 Subjek penelitian ini berusia 12-23 bulan sehingga pemenuhan gizi utama anak didapatkan dari MPASI.…”

Section: Metodeunclassified

Hubungan Perilaku Ibu dalam Praktik Pemberian Makan pada Anak Usia 12-23 Bulan dengan Kejadian Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jatinangor

Rusmil¹,

Ikhsani²,

Dhamayanti³

et al. 2019

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Latar belakang. Stunting merupakan kondisi kurang gizi kronis disebabkan asupan makanan yang kurang dalam waktu lama. Kejadian stunting dapat direduksi oleh salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi pemenuhan gizi anak, yaitu perilaku ibu dalam praktik pemberian makan.Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan perilaku ibu dalam praktik pemberian makan dengan kejadian stunting.Metode. Studi analitik potong lintang yang dilakukan pada ibu dan anak usia 12-23 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jatinangor. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan instrumen kuesioner yang disusun berdasarkan panduan Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI) dan World Health Organization (WHO). Pengukuran panjang badan anak menggunakan infantometer. Analisis menggunakan uji chi kuadrat dan Mann Whitney. Hasil. Lima puluh sembilan subjek (27,2%) dari 217 total subjek termasuk kelompok stunting. Angka kemaknaan pemberian makan cukup dan pemberian makan secara responsif dengan kejadian stunting sebesar 0,003 dan 0,012. Ketepatan waktu dan pemberian makan secara aman dengan kejadian stunting memiliki nilai p>0,05. Perilaku ibu dalam praktik pemberian makan secara keseluruhan menunjukkan nilai p<0,05.Kesimpulan. Praktik pemberian makan secara keseluruhan memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Kecukupan dalam pemberian makan dan pemberian makan secara responsif memiliki hubungan dengan stunting, tetapi pemberian makan secara tepat waktu dan aman tidak memengaruhi kejadian stunting.

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The prevalence and factors associated with stunting among infants aged 6 months in a peri-urban South African community

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Infant Development at the Age of 6 Months in Relation to Feeding Practices, Iron Status, and Growth in a Peri-Urban Community of South Africa

Infant Development at the Age of 6 Months in Relation to Feeding Practices, Iron Status, and Growth in a Peri-Urban Community of South Africa

Growth Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Association with Breastfeeding in HIV Exposed and Unexposed Infants in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa

Hubungan Perilaku Ibu dalam Praktik Pemberian Makan pada Anak Usia 12-23 Bulan dengan Kejadian Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jatinangor

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