The prevalence and effect of life events in 222 bipolar I and II patients: A prospective, naturalistic 4 year follow-up study

Simhandl, Christian; Raduà, Joaquim; König, Barbara; Amann, Benedikt L.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.08.043

Cited by 29 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Stress hypersensitivity and psychosocial stress increase susceptibility to SCZ (87, 88) and BPD (89, 90) and also exacerbate symptoms in both disorders (91). Index manic (69) and psychotic (92) episodes are often preceded by an increase in stressful life events. Thus, the WERCAP Stress Screen may be a useful tool for schools and clinics in monitoring at-risk individuals to prevent onset or relapse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stressors later in life have also been found to increase the risk of psychotic (64) and manic (65–67) episodes. More recent studies have reported everyday stressors in adult life to be correlated with an increase in psychotic (68) and manic (69) symptoms. Thus, assessing stress severity could conceivably improve the identification of individuals at risk for psychosis and BPD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utility of Washington Early Recognition Center Self-Report Screening Questionnaires in the Assessment of Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

2016

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Early identification and treatment are associated with improved outcomes in bipolar disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). Screening for the presence of these disorders usually involves time-intensive interviews that may not be practical in settings where mental health providers are limited. Thus, individuals at earlier stages of illness are often not identified. The Washington Early Recognition Center Affectivity and Psychosis (WERCAP) screen is a self-report questionnaire originally developed to identify clinical risk for developing bipolar or psychotic disorders. The goal of the current study was to investigate the utility of the WERCAP Screen and two complementary questionnaires, the WERC Stress Screen and the WERC Substance Screen, in identifying individuals with established SCZ or BPD. Participants consisted of 35 BPD and 34 SCZ patients, as well as 32 controls (CON), aged 18–30 years. Univariate analyses were used to test for score differences between groups. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify diagnostic predictors. Significant group differences were found for the psychosis section of the WERCAP (pWERCAP; p < 0.001), affective section of the WERCAP (aWERCAP; p = 0.001), and stress severity (p = 0.027). No significant group differences were found in the rates of substance use as measured by the WERC Substance Screen (p = 0.267). Only the aWERCAP and pWERCAP scores were useful predictors of diagnostic category. ROC curve analysis showed the optimal cut point on the aWERCAP to identify BPD among our participant groups was a score of >20 [area under the curve (AUC): 0.87; sensitivity: 0.91; specificity: 0.71], while that for the pWERCAP to identify SCZ was a score of >13 (AUC: 0.89; sensitivity: 0.88; specificity: 0.82). These results indicate that the WERCAP Screen may be useful in screening individuals for BPD and SCZ and that identifying stress and substance-use severity can be rapidly done using self-report questionnaires. Larger studies in undiagnosed individuals will be needed to test the WERCAP Screen’s ability to identify mania or psychosis in the community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of Washington Early Recognition Center Self-Report Screening Questionnaires in the Assessment of Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

2016

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“…Environmental risk factors, causing these stressful experiences, are for example neglect during childhood, maternal loss, economic problems, family violence, abuse, sexual maltreatment, and many more (Bernstein et al 2003; Brown et al 2009; Kaufman and Charney 2001; Marangoni et al 2016; Mullen et al 1996). In fact almost two-third of BD patients sustained at least one negative or goal-attainment life event 6 months prior to the index or first occurred episode (Simhandl et al 2015). Especially the first period of life plays an important role in the development of children (Vetulani 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models for bipolar disorder: from bedside to the cage

Beyer

Freund

2017

Int J Bipolar Disord

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Bipolar disorder is characterized by recurrent manic and depressive episodes. Patients suffering from this disorder experience dramatic mood swings with a wide variety of typical behavioral facets, affecting overall activity, energy, sexual behavior, sense of self, self-esteem, circadian rhythm, cognition, and increased risk for suicide. Effective treatment options are limited and diagnosis can be complicated. To overcome these obstacles, a better understanding of the neurobiology underlying bipolar disorder is needed. Animal models can be useful tools in understanding brain mechanisms associated with certain behavior. The following review discusses several pathological aspects of humans suffering from bipolar disorder and compares these findings with insights obtained from several animal models mimicking diverse facets of its symptomatology. Various sections of the review concentrate on specific topics that are relevant in human patients, namely circadian rhythms, neurotransmitters, focusing on the dopaminergic system, stressful environment, and the immune system. We then explain how these areas have been manipulated to create animal models for the disorder. Even though several approaches have been conducted, there is still a lack of adequate animal models for bipolar disorder. Specifically, most animal models mimic only mania or depression and only a few include the cyclical nature of the human condition. Future studies could therefore focus on modeling both episodes in the same animal model to also have the possibility to investigate the switch from mania-like behavior to depressive-like behavior and vice versa. The use of viral tools and a focus on circadian rhythms and the immune system might make the creation of such animal models possible.

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“…U prilog potrebe za dodatnim psihološkim intervencijama kod bipolarnog afektivnog poremećaja govore i podaci o uticaju život-nih dogadjaja na tok i oporavak, kao i kognitivna vulnerabilnost prisutna izmedju epizoda bolesti. Istraživanja ukazuju na visok i kontinuirani broj život-nih dogadjaja pre afektivnih epizoda [8]. Osobe sa više prethodnih epizoda imaju povišenu učestalost manjih negativnih životnih dogadjaja pre epizoda depresije, i manjih pozitivnih životnih dogadjaja pre epizoda hipomanije [9].…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

Cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of bipolar affective disorder

Batinić¹,

Duišin²,

Milovanović³

2015

Engrami

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Kratak sadržajUprkos napretku u farmakološkom tretmanu bipolarnog afektivnog poremećaja, značajan broj pacijenata doživljava ponavljane epizode, subsindromalne simptome i kontinuirana psihosocijalna oštećenja između epizoda, kao i slabo prihvatanje farmakoterapije. Pacijenti sa bipolarnim afektivnim poremećajem se suočavaju sa hroničnim tokom poremećaja, specifičnim problemima vezanim za depresivne i manične epizode, stigmatizacijom, životnim događajima i stresorima koji provociraju nove epizode, doživotnim korišćenjem lekova, narušava-njem socio-profesionalnih kompetencija, kao i pitanjima herediteta.Pregled literature ukazuje da primena kognitivno-bihejvioralne terapije (KBT) kao dodatak na farmakoterapijski tretman redukuje težinu simptoma, povećava efekat stabilizatora raspoloženja u redukciji stopa relapsa, modifikuje disfunkcionalne kognicije i ponašanja koja mogu pogoršati tok poremećaja, poboljšava prihvatanje farmakoterapijskog režima, razvija kognitivnobihejvioralne veštine od pomoći pacijentu u prevladavanju prodroma novih epizoda, redukciji stresa i vulnerabilnosti, poboljšava interpersonalno funkcionisanje i porodične komunikacije. Pored individualne, i dodavanja grupne KBT stabilizatorima raspoloženja se pokazalo efikasnim u redukciji simptoma manije, depresije i anksioznosti, kao i manjem broju i kraćem trajanju izmena raspoloženja.U radu su predstavljeni kognitivni model bipolarnog afektivnog poremećaja, kao i osnovni principi kognitivno-bihejvioralnog tretmana koji uključuju optimizaciju terapijskog saveza, normalizaciju i destigmatizaciju iskustva mentalnog poremećaja, psihoedukaciju, strategije za ranu detekciju poremećaja, kognitivnu restrukturaciju i bihejvioralne veštine, poboljšanje prihvatanja farmakoterapije, tretman komorbidnih poremećaja, razvoj individualnih veština za prevenciju relapsa kao i porodične intervencije.Ključne reči: kognitivno-bihejvioralna terapija, bipolarni afektivni poremećaj

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The prevalence and effect of life events in 222 bipolar I and II patients: A prospective, naturalistic 4 year follow-up study

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

Utility of Washington Early Recognition Center Self-Report Screening Questionnaires in the Assessment of Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

Utility of Washington Early Recognition Center Self-Report Screening Questionnaires in the Assessment of Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

Animal models for bipolar disorder: from bedside to the cage

Cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of bipolar affective disorder

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