The prevalence and distribution of Mycobacterium bovis infection in European badgers (Meles meles) as determined by enhanced post mortem examination and bacteriological culture

Murphy, David; Gormley, Eamonn; Costello, Eamon; O’Meara, D.; Corner, L. A.

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.05.020

Cited by 71 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Infection with Mycobacterium bovis is endemic in Irish badgers (Murphy et al, 2010; however, prevalence is not uniform throughout the country (Furphy et al, 2012). There appears to be no geographic clustering of strain types associated with prevalence (Furphy et al, 2012).…”

Section: The Importance Of Wildlife In Btb Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and managing bTB risk: Perspectives from Ireland

Good

2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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There is substantial variation in herd risk for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in Ireland, with most herds playing little to no role in the ongoing endemic. In infected areas, bTB persistence (affecting one or a group of herds) is a key feature of the infection. In this paper, we present our current understanding and management of bTB risk in Ireland, based on a detailed review of research and policy. There is close interaction between science and policy in Ireland, seeking both to understand and effectively manage bTB risk. Detailed research on bTB persistence is presented, including current understanding of the relative importance of different infection sources, which can include residual infection in cattle and/or re-infection, either from local sources or following cattle introduction. In recent years, there have been three primary drivers for policy change, including scientific advances, ongoing improvements to programme supports, and ongoing programme review. In this review, three key future programme challenges are identified. Although good progress is being made, eradication has not yet been achieved. Firstly, a key question concerns the additional effort that will be required, to move towards final eradication. Secondly, a percentage of non-infected animals are falsely positive to current testing methods. This is an ongoing challenge, given the imperfect specificity of test methods but will become more so, as the positive predictive value falls with reducing bTB prevalence. Finally, there is a need to re-engage with the farming community, so that they play a much greater role in programme ownership.

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Section: The Importance Of Wildlife In Btb Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and managing bTB risk: Perspectives from Ireland

Good

2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…9-69 . 8] [17], compared to a more detailed necropsy protocol that is now used in Ireland [18] and the UK [17].…”

Section: Cattle and Badger Population Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial clustering of TB-infected cattle herds prior to and following proactive badger removal

Kelly

2010

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYBovine tuberculosis (TB) is primarily a disease of cattle. In both Ireland and the UK, badgers (Meles meles) are an important wildlife reservoir of infection. This paper examined the hypothesis that TB is spatially correlated in cattle herds, established the range of correlation and the effect, if any, of proactive badger removal on this. We also re-analysed data from the Four Area Project in Ireland, a large-scale intervention study aimed at assessing the effect of proactive badger culling on bovine TB incidence in cattle herds, taking possible spatial correlation into account. We established that infected herds are spatially correlated (the scale of spatial correlation is presented), but at a scale that varies with time and in different areas. Spatial correlation persists following proactive badger removal.

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“…Similarly, Corner et al (1990) and Whipple et al (1996) had reported 83.4% and 93.3% of the lesions in the lungs and associated lymph nodes of cattle, respectively. Murphy et al (2010) reported 66.7% of TB lesions to be confined in the thoracic cavities of European badgers. From studies conducted in cattle from Ethiopia, it was reported that 55% ) and 84% (Teklu et al 2004) of the lesions were from the lungs and thoracic lymph nodes.…”

Section: Anatomical Distribution Of Tuberculous Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-time detection of mycobacterium species from goats in Ethiopia

Hiko

Agga

2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Tuberculosis (TB) is an important zoonosis affecting a wide range of hosts. An abattoir study was conducted on 1,536 randomly selected male goats slaughtered at Modjo Modern Export Abattoir to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis in slaughtered goats. Carcasses and organs of all the study animals were first examined by routine meat inspection followed by detailed meat inspection. Samples from tuberculous lesions were cultured for mycobacterial isolation and identification. Histopathology was done on 31 samples with tuberculous lesions. Detailed meat inspection detected 65 (4.2%; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.3-5.4%) tuberculous lesions. From these, 20 (30.8%) samples were confirmed mycobacterium positive on culture, out of which 18 were Mycobacterium bovis and two were Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Routine meat inspection failed to detect tuberculous lesions in 23% of carcasses with TB lesions detected by detailed examination. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between both methods in detecting tuberculous lesions (Kappa = 0.87). Origin and age of the goats did not statistically affect the disease prevalence (P > 0.05). Histopathologic lesions were observed in 21 samples (68%; 95% CI = 50.1-81.4%) out of the 31 carcasses with gross tuberculous lesions examined by histopathology. Eighteen (58%) tuberculous samples positive for histopathology were also culture positive. The sensitivity and specificity of histopathology were 90% (95% CI = 76.9-100%) and 72.7% (95% CI = 46.4-99%), respectively, using culture as a reference test. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of caprine tuberculosis from Ethiopia. Further studies are required at the farm level to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis in the general goat population.

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The prevalence and distribution of Mycobacterium bovis infection in European badgers (Meles meles) as determined by enhanced post mortem examination and bacteriological culture

Cited by 71 publications

References 20 publications

Understanding and managing bTB risk: Perspectives from Ireland

Understanding and managing bTB risk: Perspectives from Ireland

Spatial clustering of TB-infected cattle herds prior to and following proactive badger removal

First-time detection of mycobacterium species from goats in Ethiopia

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