The prevalence and distribution of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in Kasese district, Uganda : cardiovascular topics

Mondo, Charles; Otim, Marcel; Akol, G.W.O.; Musoke, Rachel; Orem, Jackson

doi:10.5830/cvja-2012-081

Cited by 59 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…In agreement with previous studies [10, 16, 22, 27, 36–40], hypertension, overweight and obesity, and elevated waist hip ratio were the most prevalent modifiable stroke risk factors in rural and urban Ugandans. Risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, physical inactivity and harmful alcohol intake, reported to be highly prevalent in other studies [10, 22] were rare.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Stroke-Risk Factors Differ between Rural and Urban Communities: Population Survey in Central Uganda

Nakibuuka

Sajatovic²,

Nankabirwa

et al. 2015

Neuroepidemiology

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Background: Socioeconomic transition is changing stroke risk factors in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed stroke-risk factors and their associated characteristics in urban and rural Uganda. Methods: We surveyed 5,420 urban and rural participants and assessed the stroke-risk factor prevalence and socio-behavioural characteristics associated with risk factors. Results: Rural participants were older with higher proportions of men and fewer poor compared to urban areas. The most prevalent modifiable stroke-risk factors in all areas were hypertension (27.1% rural and 22.4% urban, p = 0.004), overweight and obesity (22.0% rural and 42% urban, p < 0.0001), and elevated waist hip ratio (25.8% rural and 24.1% urban, p = 0.045). Diabetes, smoking, physical inactivity, harmful alcohol consumption were found in ≤5%. Age, family history of hypertension, and waist hip ratio were associated with hypertension in all, while BMI, HIV were associated with hypertension only in urban dwellers. Sex and family history of hypertension were associated with BMI in all, while age, socio-economic status and diabetes were associated with BMI only in urban dwellers. Conclusions: The prevalence of stroke-risk factors of diabetes, smoking, inactivity and harmful alcohol consumption was rare in Uganda. Rural dwellers belonging to a higher age group tended to be with hypertension and elevated waist hip ratio. Unlike high-income countries, higher socioeconomic status was associated with overweight and obesity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, physical inactivity and harmful alcohol intake, reported to be highly prevalent in other studies [10, 22] were rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Stroke-Risk Factors Differ between Rural and Urban Communities: Population Survey in Central Uganda

Nakibuuka

Sajatovic²,

Nankabirwa

et al. 2015

Neuroepidemiology

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“…This is comparable with recent results from adults in Uganda, all from studies in which blood pressure was assessed by two or three repeated measurements on a single day (14.6% to 22%) [12–15]. However, only a minority of our children had sustained HBP on extended follow up.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Blood pressure in primary school children in Uganda: a cross-sectional survey

et al. 2014

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BackgroundNon-communicable diseases are an emerging concern in sub-Saharan Africa, and risks for these conditions are often based on exposures in early life, with premonitory signs developing during childhood. The prevalence of hypertension has been reported to be high in African adults, but little is known about blood pressure in African children. We studied prevalence and risk factors for high blood pressure (HBP) among school children in central Uganda.MethodsTwo urban and five rural schools were randomly selected from government schools in Wakiso district, Uganda. Questionnaires were administered and anthropometric measures taken. Blood pressure (BP) was measured three times in one sitting (on day 1) and the average compared to internationally-used normograms. Children with BP >95th percentile were re-tested at two additional sittings (day 2 and day 3) within one week, and at two further follow up visits over a period of six months. Those with sustained HBP were referred for further investigation.ResultsOf 552 students included, 539 completed the initial assessments (days 1–3) of whom 92 (17.1%) had HBP at the initial sitting. Age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.29 (95% confidence interval 1.14, 1.47), p< 0.001), body mass index (1.70 (1.25-2.31) p = 0.001) and soil-transmitted helminths (2.52 (1.04-6.11), 0.04) were associated with increased prevalence of HBP at the initial sitting. After further investigation, sustained HBP was seen in 14 children, yielding an estimated prevalence of 3.8% allowing for losses to follow up. Four children required treatment.ConclusionIt is feasible to measure blood pressure accurately in the school setting. A high HBP prevalence on initial readings gave cause for concern, but follow up suggested a true HBP prevalence commensurate with international normograms. Extended follow up is important for accurate assessment of blood pressure among African children.

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“…The qualitative results are consistent with other studies that indicate negative attitude (Amireault, Godin, & Vézina-Im, 2013), lack of awarness on the health benefits of physical exercise (Duncan et al, 2014), and lack of infrastucture (Goodman, Sahlqvist, & Ogilvie, 2014) that enables physical exercise participation as being responsible for its high prevalence. The result of our study on pereceived prevalance of lack of physical exercise is higher than the finding in Uganda of 51%, which can be attributed to the diferences in the study setting, participants and the terminologies used in the study, such as physical exercise and physical activity (Mondo, Otim, Akol, Musoke, & Orem, 2013).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Healthcare Professionals’ Perceptions of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors and Its Regional Distribution in Ethiopia

Kassa¹,

Grace²

2017

GJHS

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Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasing as the main cause of death, disability, unproductivity and indisposition in Ethiopia. Objectives:The objectives of this study were to establish healthcare professionals' perception on non-communicable disease risk factors and their regional distribution in Ethiopia. Methods:A mixed method sequential explanatory design was conducted with a questionnaire survey obtaining quantitative replies from 312 healthcare professionals working in 13 referral hospitals in the first phase and qualitative data among 13 hospital managers in the second phase.Results: Statistically significant prevalence of NCDs risk factors were reported with the lack of physical exercise (M=4.94, SD=.245, t (311) = 139.383; p < .0005), hypertension (M=4.89, SD=.312, t (311) = 107.021; p < .0005), and unhealthy diet (M=4.61, SD=.782, t (311) = 36.426; p < .0005) ranking as the top three leading NCDs risk factors. The prevalence and distribution of NCDs risk factors varied within Ethiopia, with a high perceived prevalence of lack of physical exercise, unhealthy diet, alcohol use, and blood glucose in Addis Ababa city followed by Amhara region. A high prevalence of tobacco use and hypertension was also observed in the regions of Benishangul Gumuz. Conclusion:The results revealed that the prevalence of NCDs risk factors are increasing in different regions of Ethiopia. Regionally specific non-communicable disease intervention strategies are required to revert the growing burden of the risk factors effectively.

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The prevalence and distribution of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in Kasese district, Uganda : cardiovascular topics

Cited by 59 publications

References 11 publications

Stroke-Risk Factors Differ between Rural and Urban Communities: Population Survey in Central Uganda

Stroke-Risk Factors Differ between Rural and Urban Communities: Population Survey in Central Uganda

Blood pressure in primary school children in Uganda: a cross-sectional survey

Healthcare Professionals’ Perceptions of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors and Its Regional Distribution in Ethiopia

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