The Prevalence and Comorbidity Rates of ADHD Among School-Age Children in Turkey

Zorlu, Adil; Ünlü, Gülşen; Çakaloz, Burcu; Zencir, Mehmet; Büber, Ahmet; Işıldar, Yetiş

doi:10.1177/1087054715577991

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The disorder is estimated to affect approximately 3% to 7% of children and 2.5% of the adult population (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Simon et al, 2009). Cross culturally, ADHD is found around the world with rates varying significantly across countries (e.g., (Alhraiwil et al, 2015; Benjasuwantep et al, 2002; Gadow et al, 2000; Kanbayashi et al, 1994; Rohde et al, 1999; Schaughency et al, 1994; Zorlu et al, 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social contextual risk factors for stimulant use among adolescent American Indians

Spillane

Weyandt

Oster

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Stimulants are the most common and efficacious treatment for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). We examined the relationship between stimulant misuse and social factors that could be malleable to prevention among American Indian (AI) adolescents. Method Participants were AI students (N=3,498) sampled from 33 schools in 11 states. Participants completed the American Drug and Alcohol Survey. A multilevel analytic approach was used to evaluate the effects of participant-level (level 1) variables (i.e., gender, grade, peer, school, family, stimulant prescribed by doctor) on lifetime and current simulant use to ‘get high’. Results Nearly 7% of our sample had been prescribed stimulants and nearly 6% of the sample reported using stimulants to get high. Age [OR=1.22; 95% CI = 1.09, 1.36, p<.001], perception of peer substance use [OR=1.19; 95% CI = 1.14, 1.23, p <.001], parental monitoring [OR=.96; 95% CI = 0.92, 1.99, p=.04], and stimulants prescribed by a doctor [OR=8.79, 95% CI = 5.86, 13.18, p<.001] were associated with ever using stimulants to get high. Perception of peer substance use, [b = 0.09, SE = .02, p <.001, 95%CI [0.05, 0.13], and having stimulants prescribed by a doctor, [b = 0.58, SE = .21, p=.006, 95%CI [0.17, 0.99], were associated with frequency of past month use to get high. There was also a significant quadratic effect for parental monitoring, suggesting that low and high levels were associated with increased stimulant use. Conclusions Our results suggest a need for prevention efforts to be directed to AI youth who are prescribed stimulants.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social contextual risk factors for stimulant use among adolescent American Indians

Spillane

Weyandt

Oster

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The comorbidity rate was found to be 52% in the Danish cohort where 14,825 patients were analyzed, while it was 73% in the Iranian cohort (17,21). In three studies conducted in our country, comorbidity rates of 60%, 73.7% and 96.7% have been reported, which are quite different from each other (22)(23)(24). In these previous studies, the number of cases with ADHD was low which may have affected the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Psychiatric Comorbidities

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: This study aims to obtain current information on the clinical features of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cases, comorbid psychiatric disorders and psychiatric drug use. Methods: All patients between the ages of 6 and 18 years who were admitted to our outpatient clinic and diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were included in the study. The files of the patients were examined and their demographic characteristics, symptoms, psychiatric diagnoses and drug profiles were recorded. The pattern of the psychiatric disorders accompanied by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cases and the differences according to age and gender were analyzed. The differences were determined in patients with psychiatric comorbidity compared to those without. Result: The mean age of the 777 patients included in the study was 11.1±2.94 and 76.6% were boys. 60.9% of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder patients had comorbid psychiatric disorders. The most common psychiatric comorbidities were specific learning disability (23.6%), oppositional defiant disorder (12.9%) and conduct disorder (12.1%). There was no difference between the genders in terms of the incidence of psychiatric comorbidities. The rate of psychiatric comorbidity was significantly higher in adolescents than in children. A psychotropic medication was used in 86.4% of the cases and psychotropic polypharmacy was present in 31.5%. The rate of polypharmacy was significantly higher in the group with psychiatric comorbidity. Conclusion: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is frequently accompanied by other psychiatric disorders and the psychiatric comorbidity leads to a more complicated clinical profile. Approximately one-third of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder patients have psychiatric polypharmacy and these patients should be carefully monitored. Primary care physicians who are frequently confronted with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cases should be careful about psychiatric comorbidities. Keywords: Child psychiatry, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, mental disorders, Family practice

show abstract

“…Our study was carried out in an outpatient child and adolescent psychiatry clinic, so the prevalence of co morbid disorders were higher than some studies in which the sample were drawn from general population (11,13,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Some studies pointed to comorbidity of ADHD with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (7), tourette (7,8) substance abuse (7,8), conduct disorder (CD) (7,9), personality disorder (8,10), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (8,11), and learning disorder (LD) (8,11). Mood disorders have been also addressed as comorbid disorders in some research (8,12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Riahi

Izadi-Mazidi

Abdi

2015

Jentashapir J Health Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often associated with other psychological problems. Objectives: The present study aimed to study the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with ADHD who admitted to Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive/analytic cross-sectional study carried out on 118 outpatient children and adolescents who were selected by convenient sampling. The data were collected using the questionnaire, designed by authors, and were analyzed through descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of comorbid disorders were as follows: anxiety disorders (48.3%); depression (20.33%); bipolar disorder (17.79%); obsessive-compulsive (47.45%); tic and tourette (35.59%), oppositional defiant disorder (43.22%); conduct disorder (11.01%); urinary incontinence (58.47%); communication disorder (9.32%); and learning disorder (21.18%). There was no significant difference between females and males with respect to the prevalence of comorbid disorders. Conclusions: Similar to previous studies, we found some comorbid psychiatric disorders with ADHD. The treatment of the disorder can be improved, by more attention to comorbid psychiatric disorders, early diagnosis of them, and using distinct and specific treatment for everyone.

show abstract

The Prevalence and Comorbidity Rates of ADHD Among School-Age Children in Turkey

Abstract: The prevalence and comorbidity rates of ADHD in school-age children in Turkey are similar to those found in previous studies in other countries.

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

Social contextual risk factors for stimulant use among adolescent American Indians

Social contextual risk factors for stimulant use among adolescent American Indians

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Psychiatric Comorbidities

Prevalence of Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About