The prevalence and clinical significance of sonographic tendon abnormalities in asymptomatic ballet dancers: a 24-month longitudinal study

Comin, Jules; Cook, Jillianne Leigh; Malliaras, Peter; McCormack, Moira; Calleja, Michelle; Clarke, Andrew; Connell, David

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091303

Cited by 116 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In turn, clinically asymptomatic individuals may commonly exhibit sonographic abnormalities in the Achilles and patellar tendons, especially amateur or professional athletes (31); accordingly, US as well as PD exhibit a high rate of both false-negative and false-positive findings. Moreover, there is only a poor to moderate between-reader correlation with regard to the detection of structural (Bmode) changes (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) for the Evaluation of Patients with Tendinopathies

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) for the Evaluation of Patients with Tendinopathies

et al. 2016

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“…Therefore, it is possible that individuals with non-symptomatic tendinopathies are included in our healthy tendon group. However, the prevalence of asymptomatic tendinopathy is relatively low in active young adults (3.8 %, Joseph et al, 2012) and the ability of imaging techniques to predict future symptomatic tendinopathy has also been questioned (Comin et al, 2013).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo biological response to extracorporeal shockwave therapy in human tendinopathy

Waugh

Morrissey

Jones³

et al. 2015

eCM

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Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a noninvasive treatment for chronic tendinopathies, however little is known about the in-vivo biological mechanisms of ESWT. Using microdialysis, we examined the real-time biological response of healthy and pathological tendons to ESWT. A single session of ESWT was administered to the mid-portion of the Achilles tendon in thirteen healthy individuals (aged 25.7 ± 7.0 years) and patellar or Achilles tendon of six patients with tendinopathies (aged 39.0 ± 14.9 years). Dialysate samples from the surrounding peri-tendon were collected before and immediately after ESWT. Interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, vascular endothelial growth factor and interferon-γ were quantified using a cytometric bead array while gelatinase activity (MMP-2 and -9) was examined using zymography. There were no statistical differences between the biological tissue response to ESWT in healthy and pathological tendons. IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8 were the cytokines predominantly detected in the tendon dialysate. IL-1β and IL-2 did not change significantly with ESWT. IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were elevated immediately after ESWT and remained significantly elevated for four hours post-ESWT (p < 0.001). Proforms of MMP-2 and -9 also increased after ESWT (p < 0.003), whereas there were no significant changes in active MMP forms. In addition, the biological response to ESWT treatment could be differentiated between possible responders and non-responders based on a minimum 5-fold increase in any inflammatory marker or MMP from pre-to post-ESWT. Our findings provide novel evidence of the biological mechanisms underpinning ESWT in humans in vivo. They suggest that the mechanical stimulus provided by ESWT might aid tendon remodelling in tendinopathy by promoting the inflammatory and catabolic processes that are associated with removing damaged matrix constituents. The non-response of some individuals may help to explain why ESWT does not improve symptoms in all patients and provides a potential focus for future research.

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“…These changes typically occur in the middle third of the tendon (known as the critical zone), particularly medially, and this portion of the tendon is the most poorly vascular [29]. Recent studies using ultrasound of the Achilles have shown that intratendinous hypoechoic areas in asymptomatic ballet dancers [30] or areas of abnormal neovascularity or tendon thickening in asymptomatic runners [31] may be predictive of future symptoms with continued sporting activity.…”

Section: Biomechanics/ Mechanism Of Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of plantar fascia and Achilles injuries undertaken at the London 2012 Olympics

et al. 2013

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This file was dowloaded from the institutional repository Brage NIH -brage.bibsys.no/nih Elias, D. A., Carne, A., Bethapudi, S., Engebretsen, L., Budgett, R., O'Connor, P. (2013 AbstractPlantar fascia and distal Achilles injuries are common in elite athletes. Acute athletic injuries of the plantar fascia include acute plantar fasciopathy and partial or complete tears. Underlying most acute injuries is a background of underlying chronic plantar fasciopathy. Injuries may affect the central or less commonly lateral portions of the fascia and acute tears are generally proximal. Athletic Achilles injuries may occur at the mid tendon or the distal insertion, and there may be an underlying chronic tendinopathy. Acute or chronic paratendinopathy may occur as a separate entity or combined with Achilles injury. In this article the spectrum of athletic injuries of the plantar fascia and Achilles is described, illustrated by imaging findings from the London 2012 Olympic games.

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The prevalence and clinical significance of sonographic tendon abnormalities in asymptomatic ballet dancers: a 24-month longitudinal study

Cited by 116 publications

References 25 publications

Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) for the Evaluation of Patients with Tendinopathies

Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) for the Evaluation of Patients with Tendinopathies

In vivo biological response to extracorporeal shockwave therapy in human tendinopathy

Imaging of plantar fascia and Achilles injuries undertaken at the London 2012 Olympics

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