The prevalence and characteristics of MCCB cognitive impairment in unmedicated patients with bipolar II depression and major depressive disorder

Introduction Robust evidence from adult samples indicates that neurocognitive dysfunction is a hallmark of many mental illnesses, contributing to the loss of daily function and quality of life that these illnesses cause. However, it is still unclear whether neurocognitive deficits associated with mental illnesses begin to manifest well before adulthood. The current study addresses this gap by evaluating neurocognitive function in four groups of children and adolescents with different mental illnesses compared to their matched healthy peers. Methods We evaluated the neurocognitive performance of four samples of youth diagnosed with ADHD (N=343), Anorexia (N=40), First-onset psychosis (N=25), and Conversion Disorder (N=56) with age-matched healthy controls. Performance was assessed using an objective assessment battery designed for use across diagnoses and settings and validated for its correlations with underlying brain structure and function. The resulting analyses assessed accuracy and reaction time performance for neurocognitive domains well established in the adult literature, such as cognitive flexibility, executive function, response inhibition, verbal fluency, verbal memory, visual memory, sustained attention, and working memory. Clinical and healthy group performance was compared using non-parametric testing. Results Distinct profiles of neurocognitive dysfunction were detected for each diagnosis. Particularly, children and adolescents with ADHD diffusely performed worse than their healthy counterparts, with exceptional impairment in working memory. Children and adolescents with anorexia displayed more specific impairments limited to response inhibition and verbal memory. While youth with ADHD had the most cognitive domains affected, youth with first-onset psychosis displayed the most severe impairments compared to healthy controls. Finally, deficits in conversion disorder were limited to cognitive flexibility, executive function, decision making, response inhibition, and working memory. These findings suggest that neurocognitive impairment in mental illness is transdiagnostic and can be detected as early as childhood or adolescence with standardized computerized testing.

show abstract

“…Conversely, eating disorders and SUD showed the smallest cognitive deficits. Other recent investigations have produced similar results 3–8 .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Children and Adolescents with Mental Illness

Nesamoney

Hilton

Tozzi

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our samples had an elderly mean age, and patients admitted to Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital for a psychiatric rehabilitation program typically have chronic psychiatric conditions of long durations. Therefore, it is conceivable that the well-documented cognitive impairment associated with MDD and BD may have compromised retrospective recall of CM, particularly in older patients [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Unfortunately, the sample size did not allow us to analyze the CM distribution across age cohorts in order to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of this topic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Sex Differences in Self-Reported Childhood Maltreatment in Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorders: A Retrospective Study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: We investigated, for the first time, whether there are any sex differences in retrospective self-reported childhood maltreatment (CM) in Italian adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD). Furthermore, the potential impacts of patients’ age on the CM self-report were investigated. Methods: This retrospective study used the data documented in the electronic medical records of patients who were hospitalized for a 4-week psychiatric rehabilitation program. CM was assessed using the 28-item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), which evaluates emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, as well as emotional and physical neglect. The linear and logistic regression models were used (α = 0.01). Results: Three hundred thirty-five patients with MDD (255 women and 80 men) and 168 with BD (97 women and 71 men) were included. In both samples, considerable CM rates were identified, but no statistically significant sex differences were detected in the variety of CTQ-based CM aspects. There was a significant association, with no sex differences, between increasing patients’ age and a decreasing burden of CM. Conclusion: Both women and men with MDD or BD experienced a similar and considerable CM burden. Our findings support routine CM assessment in psychiatric clinical practice.

show abstract

“…Our samples had an elderly mean age, and patients admitted to Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital for a psychiatric rehabilitation program typically have chronic psychiatric conditions with long disease duration. Therefore, it is conceivable that the well-documented cognitive impairment associated with MDD and BD may have compromised retrospective recall of CM, particularly in older patients [47][48][49]. Unfortunately, the sample size did not allow us to analyze the CM distribution across age cohorts in order to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of this topic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are There Sex Differences in Self-Reported Childhood Maltreatment in Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorders? A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Caldirola¹,

Torti²,

Cuniberti³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. We investigated, for the first time, whether there are any sex differences in retrospective self-reported childhood maltreatment (CM) in Italian adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD). Furthermore, the potential impacts of patients’ age on the CM self-report was investigated. Methods. This retrospective, cross-sectional study used the data documented in the electronic medical records of patients who were hospitalized for a 4-week psychiatric rehabilitation program. The CM was assessed using the 28-item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), which evaluates emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, as well as emotional and physical neglect. The linear and logistic regression models were used (α = 0.01). Results. Three hundred thirty five patients with MDD (255 women and 80 men) and 168 with BD (97 women and 71 men) were included. In both samples, considerable CM rates were identified, but no statistically significant sex differences were detected in the variety of CTQ-based CM aspects. There was a significant association, with no sex differences, between the increasing patients’ age and a decreasing burden of CM. Conclusion. Both women and men with MDD or BD experienced a similar and considerable CM burden. Our findings support the routine CM assessment in psychiatric clinical practice.

show abstract

The prevalence and characteristics of MCCB cognitive impairment in unmedicated patients with bipolar II depression and major depressive disorder

Cited by 22 publications

References 66 publications

Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Children and Adolescents with Mental Illness

Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Children and Adolescents with Mental Illness

No Sex Differences in Self-Reported Childhood Maltreatment in Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorders: A Retrospective Study

Are There Sex Differences in Self-Reported Childhood Maltreatment in Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorders? A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About