The pressure effect study on the burning rate of ammonium nitrate-HTPB-based propellant with the influence catalysts

Binder Materials for Green Propellants

“…HTPB has been investigated as a binder in ADN- [46][47][48][49][50], HNF- [51], AN- [52] and FOX-7-based [53,54] propellants and is cured by isocyanates, compounds containing the functional group -NCO). 3-Isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate (isophoron diisocyanate or IPDI) [46,49], 4,4′-di(isocyanatocyclohexyl)methane (H 12 MDI or Desmodur W) [46,50], Desmodur N3300 [46] and toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) [52] have been used to cure ADN/HTPB-based propellants.…”

“…3-Isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate (isophoron diisocyanate or IPDI) [46,49], 4,4′-di(isocyanatocyclohexyl)methane (H 12 MDI or Desmodur W) [46,50], Desmodur N3300 [46] and toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) [52] have been used to cure ADN/HTPB-based propellants. ADN-based propellants, using coated ADN particles, were cured with dimeryldiisocyanate (DDI) [48].…”

“…AN/HTPB-based propellants have burn rates in the order of 1-3 mm/s at 7 MPa and a pressure exponent of approx. 0.6 [52,56]. Burn rate studies of FOX-7-based propellants are rare in literature but Sinditskii et al [57] have measured the burn rate of pressed FOX7.…”

Thermal Decomposition Behaviors and Burning Characteristics of AN/RDX-Based Composite Propellants Supplemented with MnO2and Fe2O3

“…The effect of the addition of a burning catalyst to improve the burning characteristics of AN-based propellants has been investigated [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Oommen and Jain reported that transition metal oxides exhibit a catalytic effect in improving the burning characteristics of AN-based propellants [1] and, more recently, the addition of MnO 2 and Fe 2 O 3 was found to be effective at increasing the burning rate and improving the ignitability at a low AN-based propellant pressure [9,11].…”

Crystal structure, thermal decomposition, mechanical sensitivity of Na[CL-14·2H2O] and its catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate

“…Ammonium dinitramide (ADN), NH 4 [N(NO 2 ) 2 ] is currently the most promising of all green propellants because it is high energy and pollution-free compared with a common hydrazine propellants. AN now is receiving a reinvigorated interest as a possible partial substitute for ammonium perchlorate (AP) in solid propellants [2][3][4][5][6]. Ammonium nitrate (AN) is widely used as fertilizer, industrial explosive ingredients and oxidants in solid propellants because it is relatively cheap, releases almost 100% gaseous products when it decomposes, and has a positive oxygen balance.…”