The Pressure Due to Radiation. (Second Paper.)

Nichols, E. F.; Hull, G. F.

doi:10.1103/physrevseriesi.17.26

Cited by 80 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…force associated with a spatially varying field, as used in optical tweezers [1], and that due to radiation pressure involving atomic transitions [2]. Evanescent fields between two surfaces or waveguides can also result in a dipole force [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Evanescent fields between two surfaces or waveguides can also result in a dipole force [3]. Experimental evidence suggests that radiation pressure is related to a change in momentum (between incident and emitted photons), and that this results in a force in the direction of the incident field momentum (and in the direction of the Poynting vector) [2]. However, it has been proposed that light attraction or a negative force is possible in a negative refractive index medium [4][5][6][7].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The force will be in a direction opposite to the Poynting vector for this probe wave. To evaluate the significance of the negative plane wave force in media with gain, we compare the expected positive force for a metal, which has been measured [2], with the estimated negative force in an excited quantum dot medium. We assume an unmodulated plane wave with E 0 V m −1 and silver (Ag) at λ = 633 nm having ǫ Ag = −15.89 + i1.08 [13].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Negative electromagnetic plane-wave force in gain media

Webb

Shivanand

2011

Phys. Rev. E

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Negative electromagnetic plane-wave force in gain media

Webb

Shivanand

2011

Phys. Rev. E

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“…Lebedev [9], and independently, Nichols and Hull [6], performed a series of experiments in 1901-1910 that managed to isolate the effect of radiation pressure due to light from a carbon-arc source, and demonstrated that the force was indeed as predicted by Maxwell's theory. Figure 1.1 depicts the apparatus used in the experiment.…”

Section: James Clerk Maxwellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Limits on Measurement and Control of a Mechanical Oscillator

Sudhir

2018

Springer Theses

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PAR Vivishek SUDHIR JOSEPH CONRAD, Heart of DarknessExperimental physics demands a certain degree of manual dexterity, the patience to tolerate the mundane, and an inexhaustible supply of optimism. Tobias hired me to work on an immensely sophisticated experiment despite any proof of my possessing these qualities; I am indebted to him for the belief he has placed in me. I would also like to acknowledge his dedication to fostering an environment where the pursuit of science is unencumbered by other worldly concerns. Stefan, Ewold and Samuel bore the brunt of a theorist trying to perform delicate experiments; the stern, yet encouraging, stewardship of this trio ensured that I enjoyed the culture shock. Dal Wilson was more than a colleague and a post-doc; his pragmatic approach to physics provided the ideal counter-point in our attempts to forge a deeper understanding of things ranging from vibration isolation to the subtleties of quantum mechanics. Without the patient efforts of Amir, Ryan and Hendrik in designing, fabricating, and testing of devices, none of the results reported here would have been possible. I hope I have been able to bequeath a better vision of the future of our experiment to Sergey. Conversations with Alexey, Daniel and Nathan have enabled me to vicariously learn how to measure microwave "photons". John Jost once taught me how to decorate a Christmas tree; since then he has imparted some wisdom on frequency metrology, and some on atomic physics. Together with Dal, Victor and Caroline have probably spent the most time with me outside the lab; it was fun to exercise an air of social normalcy with this bunch. Christophe has been an amazing sparring partner on every subject capable of being brought under scientific scrutiny.The personal space required for the pursuit of science comes through the sacrifice of many people. My family back home in India -parents, sister, grand-parents -have had to patiently wait for the brief interludes when I go home. No words can do justice to this and the very many other pleasures they have surrendered over the years for my sake. Before physics attracted me, I was charmed by someone else; I am lucky to have married her. Long time friends, mentorsAjith and Subeesh -have played pivotal roles in my being able to engage in physics; I hope to repay this enormous debt, some day.It was a privilege to have learnt from a few great teachers during my formative years. Their vision of an indelible unity in nature continues to motivate my study of physics. vii AbstractThe precision measurement of position has a long-standing tradition in physics. Cavendish's verification of the universal law of gravitation using a torsion pendulum, Perrin's confirmation of the atomic hypothesis via the precise measurement of the Brownian motion, and, the verification of the mechanical effect of electromagnetic radiation, all belong to this classical heritage. Quantum mechanics posits that the measurement of position results in an uncertain momentum; an idea developed to full maturity within the ...

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“…A positive radiation force (F þ ) is relatively intuitive and is in reaction to either backscattering or absorption of the forward-directed momentum of a beam and was famously reported in 1903 [14]. In contrast, most current optical and acoustic tweezing systems [15][16][17][18] are examples of conservative gradient force traps in which particles are drawn towards potential energy minima.…”

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A Macroscopic Tractor Beam with Acoustic Waves

Volke‐Sepúlveda

2014

Physics

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Negative radiation forces act opposite to the direction of propagation, or net momentum, of a beam but have previously been challenging to definitively demonstrate. We report an experimental acoustic tractor beam generated by an ultrasonic array operating on macroscopic targets (>1 cm) to demonstrate the negative radiation forces and to map out regimes over which they dominate, which we compare to simulations. The result and the geometrically simple configuration show that the effect is due to nonconservative forces, produced by redirection of a momentum flux from the angled sides of a target and not by conservative forces from a potential energy gradient. Use of a simple acoustic setup provides an easily understood illustration of the negative radiation pressure concept for tractor beams and demonstrates continuous attraction towards the source, against a net momentum flux in the system.

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The Pressure Due to Radiation. (Second Paper.)

Cited by 80 publications

References 6 publications

Negative electromagnetic plane-wave force in gain media

Negative electromagnetic plane-wave force in gain media

Quantum Limits on Measurement and Control of a Mechanical Oscillator

A Macroscopic Tractor Beam with Acoustic Waves

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