The Presentation of Adrenarche Is Sexually Dimorphic and Modified by Body Adiposity

Mäntyselkä, Aino; Jääskeläinen, Jarmo; Lindi, Virpi; Viitasalo, Anna; Tompuri, Tuomo; Voutilainen, Raimo; Lakka, Timo A.

doi:10.1210/jc.2014-2049

Cited by 56 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the light of current data, peripheral metabolism of AAPs is needed for the efficient AR activation and clinical androgenic action. This view is supported by our recent studies demonstrating low androgen bioactivity in serum samples of children with PA [28] and higher prevalence of clinical signs of androgen action in prepubertal girls than in boys with equal serum DHEAS concentrations [29]. The enzymes involved in the peripheral AAP metabolism include 3βHSD1 (HSD3B1), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 5 (17βHSD5, HSD17B5), and 5α-reductase (SRD5A).…”

Section: Adrenal and Peripheral Androgen Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Factors that have been suggested to mediate the effect of obesity on AAP production include insulin, IGF-1, and leptin [reviewed in [4], [5]]. Moreover, the conversion of AAPs to active androgens in peripheral adipose tissue may be enhanced by obesity [29]. …”

Section: Adrenal and Peripheral Androgen Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent Finnish population-based study, the prevalence of PA (defined by serum DHEAS exceeding 1 μmol/l and any androgenic sign before the age of 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys) was 8.6% in girls and 1.8% in boys [29]. Several previous studies have also shown that PA is more common in girls than in boys [1,2,3,22,36].…”

Section: Clinical Presentation Of Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Premature Adrenarche - A Common Condition with Variable Presentation

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adrenarche refers to a maturational increase in the secretion of adrenal androgen precursors, mainly dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate (DHEAS). In premature adrenarche (PA), clinical signs of androgen action appear before the age of 8/9 years in girls/boys, concurrently with the circulating DHEA(S) concentrations above the usually low prepubertal level. The most pronounced sign of PA is the appearance of pubic/axillary hair, but also other signs of androgen effect (adult type body odor, acne/comedones, greasy hair, accelerated statural growth) are important to recognize. PA children are often overweight and taller than their peers, and the higher prevalence of PA in girls than in boys is probably explained by higher female adiposity and peripheral DHEA(S) conversion to active androgens. PA diagnosis requires exclusion of other causes of androgen excess: congenital adrenal hyperplasia, androgen-producing tumors, precocious puberty, and exogenous source of androgens. PA has been linked with unfavorable metabolic features including hyperinsulinism, dyslipidemia, and later-appearing ovarian hyperandrogenism. Although this common condition is usually benign, PA children with additional risk factors including obesity should be followed up, with the focus on weight and lifestyle. Long-term follow-up studies are warranted to clarify if the metabolic changes detected in PA children persist until adulthood.

show abstract

Section: Adrenal and Peripheral Androgen Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Adrenal and Peripheral Androgen Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Presentation Of Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Premature Adrenarche - A Common Condition with Variable Presentation

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is consistent with the fact that Amerindian populations present less pubic hair and delayed pubarche when compared to other races [20,21] . In fact, clinical signs of adrenarche are not correlated with the presence of adrenal androgen levels and appear to be a sexually dimorphic process [22] , with a lower percent of boys showing clinical signs. Thus, the conversion of adrenal androgen precursors to potent androgens or the activation of the androgen receptor is sexually dimorphic, and our results suggest that they are also ethnic dependent, perhaps due to variability in the androgen receptor activity in the target tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Early BMI Gain and Later Height Growth Predicts Higher DHEAS Concentrations in 7-Year-Old Chilean Children

Mericq

Pereira²,

Uauy³

2016

Horm Res Paediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Accelerated weight and height gain in infancy have been associated with premature adrenarche. However, the exact tempo of these events remains undefined. Thus, our goal wasto assess the relationship between early BMI and height growth in different periods before 7 years of age and plasma DHEAS levels at 7 years of age. Methods: This is a longitudinal follow-up of participants of the Growth and Obesity Chilean Cohort Study (GOCS) that represents Chilean children from low- to middle-income families. The subjects were 972 children (48% girls) with birth weights of 2,500-4,500 g for whom serial weight and height measurements from birth until 7 years were available. At 7 years of age, we also measured DHEAS, IGF-I, leptin, insulin, and other metabolic markers in serum. The main outcome of interest was plasma DHEAS concentrations at 7 years of age. Results: At 7 years of age, children with DHEAS >75th percentile of the sample were taller and fatter and presented higher HOMA-IR and IGF-I than their counterparts (p < 0.05). Children with higher DHEAS were heavier at 4 years of age and beyond compared to their counterparts (higher BMI [BMI SDS at 4 years: 1.16, 95% CI 1.02-1.29 vs. 0.83, 95% CI 0.76-0.91, p < 0.001]) and taller at 7 years of age (height SDS at 7 years: 0.19, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.31 vs. -0.001, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.06, p < 0.005). Conclusions: We observed weight and BMI from 2 to 4 years, and height gains from 4 to 7 years were associated with higher DHEAS levels at 7 years.

show abstract

“…Body fat percentage was found to correlate positively with serum DHEAS concentration, and body mass index (BMI) change was observed to correlate positively with urinary excretion of DHEAS in children . Furthermore, we showed recently that adiposity increased the likelihood of clinical signs of adrenarche in a population sample of children aged 6‐9 years …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%