The Present State of Surface Conditioning in Cutting and Grinding

Stampfer, Benedict; González, Germán; Gerstenmeyer, Michael; Schulze, Volker

doi:10.3390/jmmp5030092

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In recent years, surface integrity has become a focus of attention. Surface integrity can be enhanced by surface conditioning during machining, if proper methods are applied [1]. By machining, a surface layer is created, which differs from the bulk material underneath.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Models for Grain Size Determination of Metallic Coatings and Machined Surface Layers Using the Four-Point Probe Method

Mehner,

Lampke

2023

Materials

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The grain size of a metallic coating or the surface layer after the machining of metallic parts strongly impacts corrosion and wear properties along with fatigue behavior. By measuring the combined electrical resistance of this layer and the substrate using the four-point probe method, the grain size of the layer can be determined. For different grain shapes, models are derived based on an analytical approach. The parameters in the models can be determined by appropriate calibration measurements. As a result, the grain sizes can be determined quickly with a non-destructive method, which can be applied to ensure consistent coating or machining results as part of quality control routines in industrial processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Models for Grain Size Determination of Metallic Coatings and Machined Surface Layers Using the Four-Point Probe Method

Mehner,

Lampke

2023

Materials

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“…Micromagnetic techniques offer great potential for the characterization of mechanical and microstructural properties of ferromagnetic material states [3][4][5][6][7]. Furthermore, due to the non-destructive and, in many cases, contactless measuring technique, micromagnetic NDT offers excellent opportunities for in-process measurements for process monitoring during transient machining processes of ferromagnetic materials [8]. This results in new possibilities for indirect identification of selected process and component conditions that cannot be detected with conventional measurement technology due to the measurement restrictions during the process (in-process).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in new possibilities for indirect identification of selected process and component conditions that cannot be detected with conventional measurement technology due to the measurement restrictions during the process (in-process). In the following, indirect measurement of mechanical or microstructural material properties by micromagnetic NDT means the quantitative determination of such properties based on models correlating the non-destructively measured electromagnetic material properties (micromagnetic parameters) of the component and its mechanical or microstructural material properties [8]. These methods and, especially their combination, are well established in the field of NDT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromagnetic and Microstructural Characterization of Ferromagnetic Steels in Different Heat Treatment Conditions

Ankener

Böttger

Smaga

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The paper addresses the investigation of microstructures from AISI 52100 and AISI 4140 in hardened as well as in quenched and tempered conditions. The specimens are compared in terms of their magnetic hysteresis and their microstructural and mechanical properties. Material properties were determined by hardness, microhardness, and X-ray diffraction measurements. Two different approaches were used to characterize magnetic properties via a hysteresis frame device, aiming, on the one hand, to record the magnetic hysteresis with established proceedings by setting a constant magnetic flux and, on the other hand, by offsetting a constant field strength to facilitate reproducibility of the results with other micromagnetic measurement systems. Comparable differences in both the micromagnetic and the mechanical material properties could be determined and quantified for the specifically manufactured specimens. The sensitivity of the magnetic hysteresis and, determined from that, the relationship between magnetic flux and magnetic field strength were confirmed. It was shown that a consistent change in hysteresis shape from hardened to high temperature tempered material states develops and that this change allows the characterization of different materials without the need to adjust magnetization parameters. Repeatedly, an increase in remanence with decreasing hardness was found for both test approaches. Likewise, a decreasing coercivity and increasing maximum magnetic flux could be detected with decreasing retained austenite content. The investigated correlations should thus contribute to the calibration of comparable measurement systems through the holistic characterized specimens.

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In-situ characterization of tool temperatures using in-tool integrated thermoresistive thin-film sensors

González

Plogmeyer

Schoop

et al. 2023

Prod. Eng. Res. Devel.

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Metal cutting is characterized by high temperatures at the tool-workpiece interface. Although valuable information could be provided by the temperature values, their direct measurement still presents a challenge due to the high contact pressure and the inaccessibility of the process kinematic. In this research work, the current state of thin-film sensors for measuring temperatures on the chip-tool interface has been analyzed with a focus on the measuring phenomena: thermoelectricity and thermoresistivity. Thin-film sensors placed on the cutting tools in or close to the tool-chip contact area are expected to obtain accurate temperature information at the expense of a short lifetime. New insights into thin-film sensors manufacturing, design and calibration are presented, and a new concept of a three-point thermoresistive thin-film sensor is proposed. During orthogonal cutting tests the workpiece deformations were measured through high-speed imaging and the process temperatures were measured with thin-film sensors. In order to validate the temperatures and to obtain the temperature distribution on the cutting edge, Finite Element simulations were carried out. Finally, the potential of using cutting tools with integrated thin-film sensors for in-situ characterization is investigated and a statement for its limitations and potential applications is given.

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The Present State of Surface Conditioning in Cutting and Grinding

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

Analytical Models for Grain Size Determination of Metallic Coatings and Machined Surface Layers Using the Four-Point Probe Method

Analytical Models for Grain Size Determination of Metallic Coatings and Machined Surface Layers Using the Four-Point Probe Method

Micromagnetic and Microstructural Characterization of Ferromagnetic Steels in Different Heat Treatment Conditions

In-situ characterization of tool temperatures using in-tool integrated thermoresistive thin-film sensors

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