The present challenges and policy for sustainable management of groundwater resources in Iran: putting emphasis on Lorestan province as an example in the country

Zeydalinejad, Nejat; Mahdavikia, Habib; Ahmad, Goudarzi; Saeidi, Sepideh

doi:10.1007/s40899-023-00883-6

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 47 publications

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“…Prolonged droughts and altered precipitation patterns are causing reduced groundwater recharge rates, making aquifers less resilient to extraction demands [14,15]. Simultaneously, escalating human populations and burgeoning agricultural practices exert relentless pressure on these finite subsurface resources [16][17][18][19][20]. Prolonged groundwater depletion can exacerbate drought conditions, further intensifying water scarcity challenges in already arid regions [17,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of Groundwater Dynamics and Management Strategies for the Sustainable Groundwater Development in Water-Scarce Agricultural Region of Punjab, Pakistan

Raheem,

Ahmad,

Arshad

et al. 2023

Water

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Focusing on the Lower Bari Doab Canal (LBDC) command area, characterized by its heavy reliance on agriculture, this study addresses the critical issue of groundwater table fluctuations in response to diverse pumping scenarios. Herein, we comprehensively evaluated the dynamic interplay between crop water requirements and groundwater pumping within the expansive canvas of the LBDC, which is facing water shortages. Using the Penman–Monteith equation, we calculated annual average evapotranspiration for major crops—wheat, maize, cotton, rice, and sugarcane. Three-dimensional MODFLOW-based numerical modeling was used to analyze the dynamics of groundwater regimes. MODFLOW was calibrated from 2010 to 2020. Thereafter, we simulated water table changes under a 20% increase and decrease in groundwater extraction up to 2040s. Results revealed significant variations in water demands among these crops, with sugarcane requiring the highest average annual evapotranspiration at 1281 mm. Spatiotemporal analysis revealed substantial declines in the water table in the tail-end command areas, particularly Sahiwal and Khanewal where the decline was 0.55 m/year between 2010 and 2020. The upper reaches, such as Balloki and Okara, experienced milder declines. In considering management scenarios, a 20% increase in groundwater extraction up to September 2040 was projected to raise pumping to 4650 MCM/year. and decrease the net water balance to −235 MCM/year. Alternatively, a 20% decrease in groundwater extraction up to September 2040 could reduce pumping to 4125 MCM/year and increase the net water balance to 291 MCM/year. This study sheds light on major crop water requirements, spatiotemporal groundwater dynamics, and the implications of groundwater extraction in the LBDC command area. Scenarios presented here, encompassing increased and decreased groundwater extraction, offer invaluable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders seeking a balance between agricultural productivity and long-term groundwater sustainability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of Groundwater Dynamics and Management Strategies for the Sustainable Groundwater Development in Water-Scarce Agricultural Region of Punjab, Pakistan

Raheem,

Ahmad,

Arshad

et al. 2023

Water

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Evaluating climate change impacts on snow cover and karst spring discharge in a data-scarce region: a case study of Iran

Zeydalinejad,

Pour-Beyranvand,

Nassery

et al. 2024

Acta Geophys.

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The incremental impacts of climate change on elements within the water cycle are a growing concern. Intricate karst aquifers have received limited attention concerning climate change, especially those with sparse data. Additionally, snow cover has been overlooked in simulating karst spring discharge rates. This study aims to assess climate change effects in a data-scarce karst anticline, specifically Khorramabad, Iran, focusing on temperature, precipitation, snow cover, and Kio spring flows. Utilizing two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), namely SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, extracted from the CMIP6 dataset for the base period (1991–2018) and future periods (2021–2040 and 2041–2060), the research employs Landsat data and artificial neural networks (ANNs) for snow cover and spring discharge computation, respectively. ANNs are trained using the training and verification periods of 1991–2010 and 2011–2018, respectively. Results indicate projected increases in temperature, between + 1.21 °C (2021–2040 under SSP245) and + 2.93 °C (2041–2060 under SSP585), and precipitation, from + 2.91 mm/month (2041–2060 under SSP585) to + 4.86 mm/month (2021–2040 under SSP585). The ANN models satisfactorily simulate spring discharge and snow cover, predicting a decrease in snow cover between − 4 km2/month (2021–2040 under SSP245) and − 11.4 km2/month (2041–2060 under SSP585). Spring discharges are anticipated to increase from + 28.5 l/s (2021–2040 under SSP245) to + 57 l/s (2041–2060 under SSP585) and from + 12.1 l/s (2021–2040 under SSP585) to + 36.1 l/s (2041–2060 under SSP245), with and without snow cover as an input, respectively. These findings emphasize the importance of considering these changes for the sustainability of karst groundwater in the future.

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Meta ensemble learning in geospatial sentiment analysis and community survey mapping: a water supply case study

Vahidnia

2024

Earth Sci Inform

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The present challenges and policy for sustainable management of groundwater resources in Iran: putting emphasis on Lorestan province as an example in the country

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Numerical Modeling of Groundwater Dynamics and Management Strategies for the Sustainable Groundwater Development in Water-Scarce Agricultural Region of Punjab, Pakistan

Numerical Modeling of Groundwater Dynamics and Management Strategies for the Sustainable Groundwater Development in Water-Scarce Agricultural Region of Punjab, Pakistan

Evaluating climate change impacts on snow cover and karst spring discharge in a data-scarce region: a case study of Iran

Meta ensemble learning in geospatial sentiment analysis and community survey mapping: a water supply case study

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