The presence of structural surface waxes on coniferousneedles affects the pattern of dry deposition of fine particles

Burkhardt, J.; Peters, Klaus; Crossley, A.

doi:10.1093/jxb/46.7.823

Cited by 58 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…8), and surface porosity is one of the important structures that affects the leaves of PM 2.5 . Burkhardt et al (1995), through the wind tunnel experiment, observed that tiny particle sizes less than 0.5 μm are mainly stranded near conifer porosity [37]. Schönherr et al (2001) indicated that stomatal density and larger openings of leaves can retain more PM 2.5 [38], which is consistent with our research.…”

Section: The Quantitative Distribution Of Pm Of Different Sizes On Lesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The residual amount of PM 2.5 is consistent with stomatal density and pore size. This is because PM 2.5 is composed of hygroscopic particles [37], and the more stomata on the surface of plant leaves, the more the transpiration effect, and the higher the humidity near the stomata. Therefore, the fi ne particulate matter on the leaf surface is deposited in the stomata and the retention content is higher.…”

Section: The Quantitative Distribution Of Pm Of Different Sizes On Lementioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial-Temporal Variability and Dust-Capture Capability of 8 Plants in Urban China

Zha¹,

Shi²,

Tang³

et al. 2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Urban plants have been proven to mitigate ambient particulate matter (PM), which can benefit urban planners in their attempts to control urban air pollution. In this study, PM depositions on the leaves of 8 tree species were quantitatively analysed in 7 functional areas of the city of Nanjing, China, over the course of one year. The results demonstrated that leaf PM included different particle size fractions (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ), and differed among seasons and species. The highest amounts of total PM, PM 10 , and PM 2.5 were found in the industrial area, and the mean values were 80.24 μg/cm 2 , 52.14 μg/cm 2 , and 15.51 μg/cm 2 , respectively, and the highest accumulation of total PM (60.65 μg/cm 2 ), PM 10 (37.29 μg/cm 2 ), and PM 2.5 (11.23 μg/cm 2 ) occurred in winter. Significant differences were found between the tree species tested. Cedrus deodara exhibited high amounts of the total PM, PM 10 , and PM 2.5 accumulations. This study examined the mass and quantity distribution of PM among tree species, and identified the particles combined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In terms of particle mass, 48% of the identified particles had a diameter of 10 μm, and only 18.3% of them had a diameter of 2.5 μm. In terms of particle number, the results indicated that 73% of them had a diameter of 2.5 μm, and only 5.5% of them had a diameter of 10 μm. To test the relationship between leaf traits and PM 2.5 accumulation, results showed that stomata size, density, and hair were significantly related to the PM 2.5 capture quantity. As far as we know, this is the first paper to present the mass and quantity distribution of the PM of different tree species in Nanjing. The results not only give comprehensive insights into the dust-retaining capability of tree species but also offer a selection of species for urban green areas where the goal is to mitigate urban airborne PM.

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Section: The Quantitative Distribution Of Pm Of Different Sizes On Lesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: The Quantitative Distribution Of Pm Of Different Sizes On Lementioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial-Temporal Variability and Dust-Capture Capability of 8 Plants in Urban China

Zha¹,

Shi²,

Tang³

et al. 2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…The formation of these films is due to an increased deposition of hygroscopic, atmospheric particles on the leaf surface. It is interesting to note that these particles were found to be deposited preferentially in the stomatal regions (Burkhardt, Peters & Crossley, 1995) as in this study (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Pathways Of Nitrogen Uptake In Leavessupporting

confidence: 72%

Foliar application of nitrate or ammonium as sole nitrogen supply in Ricinus communis I. Carbon and nitrogen uptake and inflows.

et al. 1998

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Following a precultivation with pedospheric nitrogen nutrition, nitrate or ammonium solutions were supplied to the shoots of Ricinus plants by spraying (during the experimental period) resulting in an increase of biotic/organic and abiotic/inorganic particles on the surface, which significantly increased wetting of the leaf surfaces. The distribution of particles on the surface of sprayed leaves, in particular crystals around and in stomata, indicated the possible entry of nutrients via thin water films through the stomatal pores in addition to diffusion through the cuticle. Ammonium was taken up more readily than nitrate by the foliage, but both at relatively low rates which caused N limitation. Interestingly, the inorganic N, both in the form of nitrate and even ammonium, was entirely assimilated in the shoots; phloem transport of inorganic N to the root was negligible. The flows of malate, and the acidification of the apoplastic washing solution of leaves in ammonium‐sprayed plants pointed to the role of metabolism of malate and excretion of protons in maintaining pH during ammonium assimilation in the shoot. Ammonium‐sprayed plants incorporated the N in the same amounts in shoots and roots, only 38% of the shoot‐borne N being recycled in the xylem. In nitrate‐sprayed plants the root was not only favoured in N partitioning, but even a net export of previously incorporated N from the shoots occurred which reflected the N limitation. The N limitation also affected carbon metabolism, in particular the flows of C, incorporation in the shoot and photosynthesis, which were decreased when compared with data from recent experiments with pedospheric well fed Ricinus. However, there was little difference in C flows between nitrate and ammonium‐sprayed plants with respect to respiration, C partitioning and, most interestingly, in relative stimulation of root growth. The loss of C from dark respiration of the shoots was high on a f. wt basis as well as in relative terms, owing to exclusive N assimilation in the shoot. In general the plants invested untargeted increases in root growth as a result of N limitation irrespective of the imposed artificial treatment which made the shoot the site of mineral N uptake.

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“…It has been reported that excessive aerosol deposition causes wax degradation [13]. Aerosol has shown to have reduced the plant drought tolerance especially in pines trees [30]. The concern would be that the level of aerosol concentrations have increased globally due to industrialization and wind erosion by land use changes [31; 32].…”

Section: Epicuticular Wax Concentration On Syzygium Myrtifolium Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicuticular wax concentration on Syzygium myrtifolium leaves

Isa¹,

Majid²,

Sase³

et al. 2017

IOSR JESTFT

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The presence of structural surface waxes on coniferousneedles affects the pattern of dry deposition of fine particles

Cited by 58 publications

References 19 publications

Spatial-Temporal Variability and Dust-Capture Capability of 8 Plants in Urban China

Spatial-Temporal Variability and Dust-Capture Capability of 8 Plants in Urban China

Foliar application of nitrate or ammonium as sole nitrogen supply in Ricinus communis I. Carbon and nitrogen uptake and inflows.

Epicuticular wax concentration on Syzygium myrtifolium leaves

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