The Presence of Rodents Infected With Leptospira Bacteria in Various Countries and the Leptospirosis Potential in Humans: A Systematic Review

Nova, Rusyda Ihwani Tantia; Susanna, Dewi; Warsito, Gita Miranda

doi:10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.2/art.250

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…The concept of exposure varies widely in different parts of the world, with the mean incidence constituting the highest among the environmental factors, according to Daud et al [24]. Tantia et al [25] revealed that rodents are known to be the most prevalent source of leptospirosis in humans. Those infected with Leptospira are linked to a high frequency of leptospiral transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review on Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors of Leptospirosis

Wada

Neela

2021

Preprint

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Background: Leptospirosis is a Global emerging zoonotic tropical bacterial disease of the genus Leptospira, with high morbidity and mortality, especially in resource-limited communities. This study is a systematic review on the incidence of socioeconomic and environmental factors of human leptospirosis. Methods: The research involved published articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar electronic databases for nine years. It also encompasses all cases analysed for the risk factors under study reported as numerical percentage incidences. The key terms searched in the database include "leptospirosis, Leptospira, human, patients, socioeconomic, environmental, risk factors, incidence, and prevalence." The search terms from the categories were linked with "OR" and those between categories with "AND." Retrieved articles were saved as comma-separated values (CVS) files and sorted out using the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study, and then presented in PRISMA plot.Results: PubMed search revealed 133 that reduced to 14 after eligibility screening. Scopus produced 338, of which 17 met all the inclusion criteria. Finally, ten publications were qualified for further analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to analysed the association of means of the various factors associated with leptospirosis. Association with rodents had the highest mean incidence of 52.6% among the environmental factors, whereas farming activity among the socioeconomic factors had the highest mean incidence (44.3%). Conclusion: The authority concerned should improve efforts toward health education to farmers regarding personal safety and protective equipment. They should also encourage communities to improve environmental sanitation practices to minimize rodent populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review on Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors of Leptospirosis

Wada

Neela

2021

Preprint

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Assessment of alternative methods for analysing maximum rainfall spatial data based on generalized extreme value distribution

Ferreira,

Liska,

Beijo

2024

Discov Appl Sci

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The present study aimed to analyze and spatially model maximum rainfall in the southern and southwestern regions of Minas Gerais using spatial statistical methods. Daily data on maximum rainfall were collected from 29 cities in the region. To obtain predictions of maximum rainfall for return periods of 2, 5, 10, 50, and 100 years, Bayesian Inference was employed, utilizing the most appropriate prior for each locality. The spatial analysis of the phenomenon based on results obtained through Bayesian Inference was conducted using interpolation methods, including Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) and Kriging (Ordinary Kriging (OK) and Log-Normal Kriging (LK)). Different semivariogram models were used, and the most suitable one was selected based on cross-validation results for each method, which were also compared to those of IDW. Additionally, a spatial analysis was carried out using max-stable processes and spatial Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution, with the models evaluated based on Takeuchi’s Information Criteria. All models were also assessed by calculating the mean prediction error for six locations that were not used in model fitting. The results indicated that the most suitable models among Kriging and IDW for return periods of 2, 5, and 10 years were Gaussian (LK), Spherical (OK), and Wave (OK), respectively. Among the max-stable models and spatial GEV, the most suitable for modeling was the Smith max-stable model. Consequently, for spatial prediction over 50- and 100-year return periods, OK (Wave) and the Smith max-stable model were employed.

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