The presence of bacterial microorganisms within human gingival tissue in gingivitis.

Beckwith, T. D.

doi:10.3181/00379727-23-2865

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…He found organisms only in ulcers but did not report them in the deeper tissues. These findings were contrary to the 1925 and 1927 reports of Beckwith, et al, 1,2 wherein they described the presence of bacteria in the periodontal tissues. Additional findings of this type were made by Box 3,4 who described a fungus-like organism which was designated as Leptothrix falciformis.…”

contrasting

confidence: 80%

Effects of Certain Factors on Bacteremias Resulting from Gingival Resection

Collings

Polter

et al. 1959

The Journal of Periodontology

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contrasting

confidence: 80%

Effects of Certain Factors on Bacteremias Resulting from Gingival Resection

Collings

Polter

et al. 1959

The Journal of Periodontology

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“…As early as 1918, Turner and Drew reported seeing cocci and diphtheroids in the gingiva of patients with periodontal disease. In 1927, bacteria were cultivated from tissue aspirates in cases of gingivitis, and bacteria were located in the periodontal membrane moving toward the apex (Beckwith et al, 1927). Degradation and necrosis in gingival biopsies associated with bacterial invasion were reported in the late '40s (Ray and Orban, 1948).…”

Section: Periodontopathogensmentioning

confidence: 98%

Models of Invasion of Enteric and Periodontal Pathogens Into Epithelial Cells: A Comparative Analysis

Meyer

Mintz

Fives-Taylor

1997

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

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Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells is associated with the initiation of infection by many bacteria. To carry out this action, bacteria have developed remarkable processes and mechanisms that co-opt host cell function and stimulate their own uptake and adaptation to the environment of the host cell. Two general types of invasion processes have been observed. In one type, the pathogens (e.g., Salmonella and Yersinia spp.) remain in the vacuole in which they are internalized and replicate within the vacuole. In the other type, the organism (e.g., Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Shigella flexneri, and Listeria monocytogenes) is able to escape from the vacuole, replicate in the host cell cytoplasm, and spread to adjacent host cells. The much-studied enteropathogenic bacteria usurp primarily host cell microfilaments for entry. Those organisms which can escape from the vacuole do so by means of hemolytic factors and C type phospholipases. The cell-to-cell spread of these organisms is mediated by microfilaments. The investigation of invasion by periodontopathogens is in its infancy in comparison with that of the enteric pathogens. However, studies to date on two invasive periodontopathogens. A actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas (Bacteroides) gingivalis, reveal that these bacteria have developed invasion strategies and mechanisms similar to those of the enteropathogens. Entry of A. actinomycetemcomitans is mediated by microfilaments, whereas entry of P. gingivalis is mediated by both microfilaments and microtubules. A. actinomycetemcomitans, like Shigella and Listeria, can escape from the vacuole and spread to adjacent cells. However, the spread of A. actinomycetemcomitans is linked to host cell microtubules, not microfilaments. The paradigms presented establish that bacteria which cause chronic infections, such as periodontitis, and bacteria which cause acute diseases, such as dysentery, have developed similar invasion strategies.

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“…The concept that oral bacteria can penetrate the gingiva extends back to at least the beginning of the twentieth century when Goadby (23) proposed that bacteria can invade oral tissues. Later cultural and histological studies (2, 3, 62) provided experimental support; however, being sustained only by sporadic reports in the literature (22, 24), the idea fell into abeyance. This was to change in 1965 when Listgarten (35) unleashed the power of electron microscopy to observe gingival tissue from cases of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, ushering in the modern era of research into tissue invasion.…”

Section: Invasion Observed In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%